HBV & FGM Flashcards
Honour based violence
Honour based abuse is defined as ‘an incident or crime involving violence, threats threats of violence, intimidation coercion or abuse which has or may have been committed to protect or defend. The honour of an individual, family and/or community for alleged or perceived breaches of the family and/or communities code of behaviour.
Factors that increase the risk of HBV
Resisting forced marriage
Wanting a divorce
Choosing own partner
Becoming too westernised
Having sex before marriage
Forced marriage
A forced marriage is where one or both people do not or cannot consent to the marriage, and pressure or abuse is used to force them into marriage. Forced marriage is illegal in the UK.
It is a form of domestic abuse and a serious abuse of human rights.
For a marriage to be consensual, it must be entered into freely by both people getting married. You should feel you have a choice.
Legal powers - forced marriage
The marriage and civil partnership increase the minimum age to 18.
Forced marriage protection order.
Section 10 of the anti-social behaviour, crime and policing act 2014 makes it a criminal offence to force someone to marry.
Female genital mutilation
FGM involves the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the feels genital organs for non-medical reasons.
The practice is mostly carried out by traditional practitioners. In several settings, there is evidence suggesting greater involvement of health care providers in performing FGM due. To the belief that the procedure is safer when medicalised.
The world health organisation strongly urges health care providers not to perform FGM
How and when can FGM be carried out?
Age of girls varies but common it is between 5 and 8 – can be from new-born up to around 15 years old.
Varies from community but generally by an elderly woman in the community known in some areas as the “cutter”
She will use non-sterile instruments
Girls will be grouped together no cut at the same time.
Four types of FGM
TYPE 1 – this is the partial or total removal of the clitoral glans
TYPE 2 – this is the partial or total removal of the clitoral glans and the labia minora.
TYPE 3 – this is the narrowing of the vagina opening through the creating of a covering seal.
TYPE 4 – all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes.
Emergency powers
Emergency owners can be used when children are at risk of FGM. The relevant powers are:
Section 46 of the children act 1989 – removed to a place of safety for up to 72 hours
Section 44 of the children act 1989 – child is in imminent danger.
