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Fire lieutenant > HAZMAT chapter 5 > Flashcards

HAZMAT chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

types of breaches

A

-disintegration
-runaway cracking
-attachments (closures) open or break
-puncture
-split or tear

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2
Q

different types of releases

A

-detonation
-violent rupture
-rapid relief
-spill/leak

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3
Q

common dispersion patterns

A

-hemispheric
-cloud
-plume
-cone
-stream
-pool
-irregular

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4
Q

first responders at hazmat incidents involving pressure containers need to consider the following common stressors

A

-thermal
-chemical
-mechanical

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5
Q

most common breach from cryogenic containers

A

releases from pressure relief devices and damaged fittings

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6
Q

common breaches of solids holding containers

A

-punctures
-splits
-tears

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7
Q

low pressure storage tanks operating pressures

A

0.5-15 psi

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8
Q

atmospheric storage tank pressure

A

0.5 psi

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9
Q

common types of atmospheric tanks

A

-horizontal
-ordinary cone roof tanks
-open and closed roof floating-roof tanks
-lifter roof tanks
-vapordome roof tanks

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10
Q

high pressure tank trucks aka MC-331 tank pressures

A

100-500 psi, capacity of 3,000-11,000 gallons

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11
Q

cryogenic tank trucks aka MC-338, TC-338, or SCT-338 tank pressures

A

less than 25 psi- 500 psi, capacity of 8,000- 10,000 gallons

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12
Q

initial evacuation distances for all tanks trucks involved in a fire

A

1 mile

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13
Q

low pressure chemical tank trucks aka MC-307 or DOT/TC-407 tank pressures

A

25-35 psi, capacity of 5,500-7,000 gallons

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14
Q

non pressure cargo tank trucks aka MC-306 or DOT/TC-406 tank pressures

A

less than 4 psi, max capacity is 14,000 gallons, typical capacity range from 1,500-10,000 gallons

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15
Q

corrosive liquid tanks aka MC-312 or DOT/TC-412 tank pressures

A

35-55 psi, capacity of 3,300-6,300 gallons

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16
Q

compressed gas/ tube trailers tank pressure

A

2,400-5,000 psi

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17
Q

dry bulk cargo trailers pressures

A

15-20 psi

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18
Q

tank car categories

A

-low pressure/non pressure tank cars
-pressure tank cars
-cryogenic liquid tank cars

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19
Q

pressure tank cars test pressure

A

100-600 psi, capacities from 4,000-34,000 gallons

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20
Q

cryogenic liquid tank cars pressure

A

usually below 25 psi

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21
Q

low pressure tank cars

A

transport hazardous and non hazardous solids and liquids with vapor pressures below 25 psi at 105F-115F. Test pressures are 60 and 100 psi. Tank capacities from 4,000-34,000 gallons

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22
Q

three general classifications of intermodal tank containers are

A

-pressure intermodal tanks
-specialized intermodal tanks
-low pressure intermodal tanks (non pressure)

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23
Q

low pressure intermodal tank pressures

A

as high as 100 psi

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24
Q

two common groups of low pressure intermodal tanks

A

IM 101 portable tanks, 25.4-100 psi
IM 102 portable tanks, 14.5-25.4 psi

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25
Q

pressure intermodal tank pressures

A

100-500 psi transports liquified gases under pressure

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26
Q

specialized intermodal tanks tube module transport MAWPS (maximum allowable working pressure)

A

2,400-5,000 psi

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27
Q

ton containers capacities

A

1 short ton approximately 2,000 pounds

28
Q

ton containers may also contain

A

sulfur dioxide
anhydrous ammonia
freon

29
Q

Y ton containers

A

7’ long
wall thickness of 0.6 inches
empty weigh 1,200 lbs
water capacity of 120 gallons or 16 cubic feet

30
Q

type of containers radioactive material is shipped in by increasing level of radioactive hazard

A
  1. expected (no risk to public, low radiation)
  2. industrial
  3. Type A
  4. Type B
  5. Type C
31
Q

Instantaneous and explosive release of stored chemical energy of a hazardous material. Duration can be measured in hundredths or thousandths of a second. Explosion is an example of this

A

Detonation

32
Q

Fast release of a pressurized hazardous material through properly operating safety devices. This action may occur in a period of several seconds to several minutes. Damaged valves, piping, attachments, or holes in the container can result in this.

A

Rapid release

33
Q

Slow release of a hazardous material under atmospheric or head pressure through, holes, rips, tears, or usual openings/ attachments. Can last from several minutes to several days

A

Spill/ leak

34
Q

Semicircular or dome shaped pattern of airborne hazardous materials that is still partially in contact with the ground or water. Results from a rapid release of energy (detonation, deflagration, and violent rupture)

A

Hemispheric

35
Q

Ball shaped pattern of the airborne hazardous material that collectively rises above the ground or water. Gases, vapors, and finely divided solids that release quickly can disperse in this form under minimal wind conditions.

A

Cloud

36
Q

Irregularly shaped pattern of airborne hazardous material where wind and or topography influence the downrange course from the point of release. Is affected by vapor density and terrain, wind speed and direction

A

Plume

37
Q

Triangular shaped pattern of a hazardous material with a point source at the breach and a wide base downrange.

A

Cone

38
Q

Surface following pattern of a liquid hazardous material that is affected by gravity and topographical contours.

A

Stream

39
Q

Three dimensional including depth, slow flowing liquid dispersion. Liquids assume the shape of their container and pool in low areas. Can form a stream

A

Pool

40
Q

Or indiscriminate deposit of a hazardous material such as that carried by contaminated responders

A

Irregular

41
Q

Common stressors for pressure containers

A

-thermal
-chemical
-mechanical

42
Q

Common dispersion patterns from pressure containers include

A

-hemispheric pattern
-cloud
-plume
-cone

43
Q

MC-331 cargo tank trucks

A

-high pressure tank trucks 100-500 psi
-large hemispheric heads on both ends
-uninsulated, single shell vessels
-transport liquefied gas, high vapor pressure liquids, and highly hazardous materials such as parathion
-bolted manway
-typically white or other reflective paint scheme

44
Q

MC-338 cryogenic tank trucks

A

-cargo tanks with pressures less than 25-500 psi
-well insulated aluminum or steel vacuum sealed shells
-liquified gases by lowering temps (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen)
-round tank with flat ends
-loading unloading station at either rear or in front of the rear dual wheels
-permanent markings or an identifiable manufacturer name, proper shipping name
-emergency shutoffs left front and right rear

45
Q

MC-307 low pressure chemical tank trucks

A

-carry liquids including flammable/ combustible liquids, mild corrosives, and some toxics
-tank pressure of 25-35 psi
-rounded or horseshoe shaped ends
-stiffening rings may be visible or covered
-emergency shutoff left front (hydraulic or pneumatic)
-protected manway assembly

46
Q

MC-306 non pressure cargo tank trucks

A

-pressures less than 4 psi
-carry flammable/ combustible liquids (gasoline, fuel oil, alcohol)
-fire control is a primary concern
-oval shape
-multiple compartments
-commonly involved in liquid spills or leaks
-manway assemblies on top

47
Q

MC-312 corrosive liquid tank trucks

A

-pressure of 35-55 psi
-carry corrosives
-small diameter round shape
-exterior stiffening rings (visible on uninsulated tanks)
-discolored loading/ unloading area

48
Q

Compressed gas tube trailers

A

-pressures 2,400-5,000 psi
-carry helium, hydrogen, methane, oxygen, and other gases
-pressure relief device for each cylinder
-permanent markings for material or ownership
-bolted manway at front or rear

49
Q

Pressure tank cars

A

-cylindrical
-rounded ends
-flammable, non flammable, and poisonous gases, flammable liquids, liquified gases
-pressures greater than 100 psi
-top loading cars
-out of sight fittings under housing on top of tank

50
Q

Cryogenic tank cars

A

-pressures usually below 25 psi
-argon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
-LNG and ethylene may be found in these containers at higher pressures
-isolation zone 1/2 mile
-insulation protects contents for 30 days
-tank within a tank
-fittings, pressure relief valves, venting in ground level compartments on sides or end of car

51
Q

Low pressure tank cars

A

-transport hazard and non hazardous solids and liquids with vapor pressure below 25 psi
-cylindrical with rounded ends
-at least one man way access
-fittings visible at the top or bottom of the car
-up to 6 separate tanks inside
-fittings visible at the top and bottom

52
Q

Pressure intermodal tank

A

-100-500 psi
-liquified gases under pressure

53
Q

Low pressure intermodal tank

A

-most common intermodal tank
-may have pressures as high as 100 psi
-IM 101 portable tanks
-IM 102 portable tanks

54
Q

Low pressure intermodal tank IM 101 portable tanks

A

-25.4 to 100 psi
-hazardous and non hazardous materials

55
Q

Low pressure intermodal tank IM 102 portable tanks

A

-14.5 to 25.4 psi
-transport alcohols, pesticides, resins, industrial solvents, and flammable with flash points between 32-140 degrees F
-also transport non regulated materials

56
Q

Specialized intermodal tank or container

A

-tube module transport pressures 2,400 to 5,000 psi
-cryogenic IMO type 7
-cryogenic liquid tanks carry refrigerated liquid gases, argon, oxygen, and helium
-dry bulk carry fertilizer, cement, plastic pellets

57
Q

Facts about reporting marks on intermodal tanks

A

-found on right hand side as you face it
-can be used in conjunction with shipping papers or computer data to identify and verify contents
-intermodal tanks must have proper shipping names stenciled on two sides

58
Q

Cold zone is the site for the following

A

-multiagency command post
-staging area
-donning/ doffing area
-backup teams
-research teams
-logistical support
-criminal investigation teams
-triage/ treatment/ rehab
-transportation areas

59
Q

Staging is in the ____ zone of a hazmat scene

A

Cold zone

60
Q

Triage priorities

A

Priority 1- life threatening injuries and illness
Priority 2- serious but not life threatening injuries
Priority 3- minor injuries
Priority 4- dead of fatally injured

61
Q

High hazard flammable trains HHFT

A

Trains transporting multiple low pressure tank cars containing ethanol, crude oil, and other class 3 products

62
Q

Y cylinders/ Y ton containers

A

Compressed gas cylinders that can be bulk or non bulk, typically classified as bulk. Typically 7’ long and 2’ in diameter

63
Q

Y ton DOT/ TC-3AA

A

Seamless steel cylinder with a water capacity of not over 1,000 lbs
Service pressure of at least 150 psig

64
Q

Y ton DOT/ TC-3AAX

A

A seamless steel cylinder with a water capacity of not less than 1,000 lbs
Service pressure of at least 500 psig

65
Q

Ton containers

A

1 short ton 2,000 pounds
Typically stored on their sides
Ends are convex or concave
Have two valves in center of one end, one above the other

Fire lieutenant (11 decks)

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