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Endocrinology > Hatch - HPI > Flashcards

Hatch - HPI Flashcards

1
Q

Vocab term for:

Onset of androgen-dependent body changes such as growth of axillary and pubic hair, body odor, and acne.

A

Adrenarche

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2
Q

Vocab term for: Pertaining toperipheralbody parts, such as toes and fingers

A

acral

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3
Q

Vocab term for: skin tag.

Common in geriatrics. If seen in younger, consider Cushing’s.

A

acrochordon

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4
Q

Vocab term for: Abnormal growth of the hands, feet, and face.
Overproduction of Growth Hormone (GH)

A

Acromegaly

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5
Q

Acanthosis nigricans is related to: (2)

A 
Insulin resistance (elevated insulin states)
Obesity (usually associated with Cushing's)
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6
Q

Acanthosis nigricans is present where on the body?

A

Most notable sign is dark patches of skin with a thick, velvety texture.

Patches may appear on the armpits, groin, neck, elbows, knees, knuckles, or skin folds.

Lips, palms, and soles of the feet may also be affected.

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7
Q

Women who have missed at least three menstrual periods in a row have _____.

A

amenorrhea

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8
Q

MCC of amenorrhea

A

pregnancy

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9
Q

Other causes of amenorrhea

A

inability to regulate hormones

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10
Q

Girls who haven’t begun menstruation by age 15, have ____.

A

amenorrhea

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11
Q

Discharge of milk-like substance from the breast.

Not associated with breastfeeding after pregnancy.

A

Galactorrhea

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12
Q

Term reserved for describing prominence of eyes secondary to thyroid disease

A

Exophthalmosis

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13
Q

Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s Dz) eye condition term

VERY common in females

A

Exophthalmosis

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14
Q

Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball or eyeballs

A

Exophthalmosis

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15
Q

Abnormal protrusion or displacement of an eye or other body part due to all other causes

A

Proptosis

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16
Q

Condition of male-pattern hair growth in women.

A

Hirsutism

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17
Q

Results in excessive amounts of stiff and pigmented hair on body areas where men typically grow hair —
face, chest and back.

A

Hirsutism

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18
Q

Abnormal hair growth that often is caused from excess male hormones called androgens, primarily testosterone.

A

Hirsutism

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19
Q

Onset of menstruation.

A

menarche

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20
Q

Onset of puberty at an abnormally early age
Usually before the age of:
8 in girls
9 in boys.

A

Precocious puberty

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21
Q

Appearance of sexual hair.

A

Pubarche

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22
Q

Developmental stage during which secondary sexual characteristics appear.

A

Puberty

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23
Q

irregular areas of skin that look like bands, stripes, or lines.
A result of rapid growth or weight gain.

A

Striae

24
Q

Onset of female breast development.

A

Thelarche

25
Q

Biological development of sex differences

A

Virilization

26
Q

Changes that make a male body different from a female body.

A

Virilization

27
Q

________ changesare produced by androgens.

A

Virilization

28
Q

Hashimoto’s thydoiditis puts a patient at greater risk for development of…

A

other endocrine disorders such as adrenal, testicular, or ovarian failure

29
Q

Bottom line of endocrine HPI:

A

may harbor more than one endocrinopathy, so don’t overlook the the history and physical exam

30
Q

Hypogonadal male has a _____ voice

A

high pitched

31
Q

androgenized female may have a ____ voice than expected

A

deeper

32
Q

Amenorrhea + galactorrhea + elevated prolactin =

A

pituitary tumor

33
Q

Amenorrhea + galactorrhea =

A

generally benign etiology –> consider the prolactin though!

34
Q

when evaluating the endocrine system of the pituitary gland through HPI, consider..

A

the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland

35
Q

pt presents with red cheeks, moon face, and hirsutism… you think…

What are those s/sx’s?

A

Cushing’s from high levels of cortisol

Next think: adrenal glands or pituitary?

S/Sx’s: Hypertension, increased weight gain, facial flushing from vascular problems, distribution of fat around face/neck, decreased energy

36
Q

If male presents with normal body habitus, hx of normal erections, adequate libido, you can assume…

A

you can exclude hypogonadism

37
Q

Male presents with a full beard, fathered children, you can know that the patient does not have…

A

a primary hypogonadal process

38
Q

Patient presents with amenorrhea, you need to ask about what four things?

A
  1. thelarche (breast development)
  2. pubarche (onset of sexual hair)
  3. adrenarche (onset of body changes)
  4. menarche (onset of menses)
39
Q

When considering acromegaly, also check the size of…

also compare what?

A

tight fitting rings
increased hat size
increased shoe size

compare old versus new photographs

40
Q

Recent viral illness presenting with trouble swallowing and tender thyroid means…

A

thyroiditis

41
Q

Sx of:
over activity, nervousness, jitteriness, and temp. intolerances

suggests what in the younger patients

A

hyperthryoidism

42
Q

Sx of:
depression, fatigue, mild weight gain, or difficulty loosing weight

suggests what in the younger patients

A

hypothyroidism

43
Q

Increased thirst, increased urination, noctural frequency, weight loss or increased appetite

A

DB!

44
Q

What type of DB has a more acute presentation and has blurry vision, frequent infections, non-healing ulcers, numb or painful extremities?

A

T1DB

45
Q

Pt presents with recurring vaginal candidiasis or recurrent UTI’s deserve a ____ workup

A

Diabetic evaluation/workup

46
Q

tall, thin, long arms, legs, fingers, and toes

flexible joints and scoliosis

A

marfan’s

47
Q

extra copy of X in genetic makeup

A

kleinfelter’s

48
Q

low testosterone, reduced muscle mass, facial and body hair, breast enlargement, longer legs, short torsos

A

kleinfelter’s

49
Q

enlarged hands, feet, overall bony growth

A

acromegaly

50
Q

palmer erythema

A

hyperthyroid

51
Q

HTN can suggest

A

cushing’s

52
Q

hypotension can suggest

A

addison’s

53
Q

Trousseau’s (BP cuff on arm one) and/or Chvostek’s sign (tap the zygomatic arch) indciates

A

hypocalcemia = hyperparathyroid

54
Q

axillary hair loss

A

hypopituitary

55
Q

supraclavicular fat pad

A

cushing’s

Endocrinology (11 decks)

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