Hasty Extras: Swallowing and Sialolithiasis

Question 1

Swallowing - Oral Phase:

- Manible position

Answer 1

1. Mandible depresses lips to allow food in

2. Mandible adducts to keep food in mouth while chewing

Question 2

Swallowing - Oral Phase:

- Moistening

Answer 2

• Food is Moistened by Salivary Glands

***PARASYMPATHETIC

Question 3

Swallowing - Oral Phase:

- Mastication

Answer 3

1. Muscles of Mastication (V3)
2. Tongue (XII) and Buccinator (VII) keep bolus on occlusal surface of teeth
3. Saliva Holds Bolus together
   - Chorda Tympani (VII)
   - Lesser Petrosal (IX)
4. Bolus sensed by lingual n. (V3)

Question 4

Swallowing - Oral Propulsive Phase:

- Trough Formation

Answer 4

1. Bolus held in trough at back of the tongue by intrinsic mm. (XII)
2. Mylohyoid (V3) and Extrinsic Tongue mm. (XII) press food to roof of mouth

Question 5

Swallowing - Oral Propulsive Phase:

- Posterior movement of bolus

Answer 5

1. Orbicularis oris seals lips
2. Intrisic mm. elevate the tongue
3. Afferent limb (IX) recieves swallow reflex info.
4. Efferent limbs (IX and X) causes pharynx movement

Question 6

Swallowing - Pharyngeal Phase:

- Nasopharynx Closure

Answer 6

1. Tensor Veli Paltini (V3) tenses soft palate, Levator Palatini (X) lifts palate
2. Wall of pharynx contract to meet soft palate via:
   - Palatopharyngeus
   - Superior constrictor (X - pharyngeal plexus = both)

Question 7

Swallowing - Pharyngeal phase:

- Pharynx prepares to receive bolus

Answer 7

1. Pharynx Pulled Up and Forward by:
   - Suprahyoid
   - Longitudinal Pharyngeal mm. (X expept for palatopharyngeus)
2. Palatopharyngeus mm. come together so that only a small bolus can pass

Question 8

Swallowing - Pharyngeal Phase:

- Closure of the Oropharynx

Answer 8

Kept Closed by:

• Palatoglossus (X)
• Intrinsic tongue mm. (XII)
• Styloglossus (XII)

Question 9

Swallowing - Esophageal Phase:

- Esophageal Peristalisis

Answer 9

• Recurrent Laryngeal X pushes bolus down with striated mm. then smooth mm.

Question 10

Swallowing - Esophageal Phase:

- Relaxation Phase

Answer 10

• Larynx and pharynx move down from hyoid to their relaxed positions by elastic recoil after suprahyoid m. contraction ends

Question 11

T or F: the first part of swallowing is voluntary while the second part is not

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What are sialoliths?

Answer 12

Salivary gland stones

Question 13

If someone has pain near the lingual caruncle when chewing then what might you suspect to be an issue?

Answer 13

Sialolithiasis

Note: it would get worse on salivation because of pressure build up behind the stone

Question 14

Where might you see swelling if someone had sialolithiasis in their parotid gland?

Answer 14

In the cheek