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All subjects > HASS Yr8- Civics and Citizenship > Flashcards

HASS Yr8- Civics and Citizenship Flashcards

1
Q

What is democracy

A

Any form of government in which the people determine how they will be governed

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2
Q

How are our democratic rights protected by the constitution

A

The parliament is elected by direct vote of the people

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3
Q

Why is freedom of religion one of our rights in Australia

A

It is protected by the constitution

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4
Q

When a government wished to take possession of a person’s property, what must it ensure

A

The owner is compensated fairly.
(Give someone something, usually money in recognition of loss, suffering or injury incurred)

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5
Q

The Tolpuddle Martyrs were transported to the Australian colonies for standing up for what

A

Freedom of Association

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6
Q

When might it be reasonable to restrict a person’s freedom of movement

A

They are awaiting trial for a criminal offence

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7
Q

Identify when might a protest gathering be restricted by government

A

If protests become violent in nature, the government can reasonably restrict a protest gathering

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8
Q

List the five express rights outlined in the constitution

A
  1. Freedom of religion
  2. Trial by jury
  3. Compensation for acquired property
  4. Residential non-discrimination
  5. Interstate trade and commerce
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9
Q

Explain how each state is represented in the Senate

A

Each state is equally represented in the Senate. This ensures that the larger states don’t overpower the smaller states

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10
Q

Why do opinion polling companies ask the age and income of those they survey

A

So that they obtain responses from a diverse range of people. If they only collected responses from young people, for example, the data would not present a true reflection of society

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11
Q

How can local members of parliament assist individuals and community groups

A

-Listening to community members and representing the interests of the community as a whole.

-Campaigning to improve hospitals, aged care services and childcare.

-Performing opening ceremonies for community facilities.

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12
Q

What will happen when a petition is presented to parliament

A

It will be referred to the appropriate minister’s office for a response.

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13
Q

Explain how lobby and pressure groups influence government decisions

A

Lobby groups will actively target members of parliament to influence the decision-making process

Pressure groups will attempt to raise public awareness to force governments to make popular decisions

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14
Q

What is the ACCI an example of

A

The Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry operates as a pressure group, campaigning on issues that affect employer groups

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15
Q

What must happen to a bill before it becomes a law

A

Pass the lower house, pass the upper house and receive royal assent

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16
Q

In the lower house of parliament, what is the main political body not in power called

A

The opposition

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17
Q

What is a law made by courts referred to as

A

A common law

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18
Q

What’s 1 case that involves a precedent

A

A court finding that the accused is guilty of manslaughter because a decision about a similar case was made in a higher court

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19
Q

What is the highest court in Australia

A

High court

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20
Q

Criminal laws are the laws made to…

A

Protect the community from harm

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21
Q

Suing another person for negligence is an example of which law

A

Civil law

22
Q

In criminal trial, the prosecution must prove that the accused is guilty of…

A

Beyond reasonable doubt

23
Q

Under aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary law, how are issues and incidents resolved

A

The Elders agree on an appropriate solution or consequence

24
Q

Which best describes Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary law

A

The rules and guidelines in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures for how to behave

25
Q

What are laws and why are they important

A

Laws are the legal rules that act as guidelines for our behaviour and we have laws to protect and to settle issues/incidents

26
Q

Statute law is made by

A

Parliaments

27
Q

What is the process a bill goes through when it’s proposed (In order)

A
  1. New laws or changes are discussed in parliament
  2. Government lawyers draft the first version of the Bill
  3. All members of the HOR must read the Bill
  4. The responsible minister explains the Bill and a vote is taken
  5. The Bill is further analysed and debates and changes are made if needed
  6. Final vote is taken
  7. If it passes it goes to the Senate and similar steps occur
  8. If it is approved it passes to the Governer-General for royal assent
28
Q

What is the difference between criminal and civil law

A

Civil law concerns issues between people or organisations, whereas criminal law concerns crimes against society

29
Q

Murder, manslaughter, and robbery are all examples of what type of law

A

Criminal Law

30
Q

Give 1 example of civil law

A

-Nuisance -Defamation
-Negligence -Breach of Contract
-Trespass

31
Q

Define ‘Precedent’

A

Precedent is a rule of law made by a higher court that is mostly used to decide similar cases

32
Q

what’s the difference between Statute law and Common law

A

Common law is developed by judges through the decisions of courts. Whereas statute laws are made by parliament

33
Q

Define the term ‘Customary law’

A

Customary law refers to the rules for behaviour developed by and for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

34
Q

Where did Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary laws originate

A

In the Dreaming

35
Q

Australia’s national identity is…

A

is diverse in nature

36
Q

Changes in Australia’s national identity have mirrored what

A

Changes in foreign policy

37
Q

Australia became involved in World War I because of its close relationship with which country

A

Great Britain

38
Q

Why are Asian languages taught in Australian schools

A

Because they bring together different cultures

39
Q

What were the very first interactions between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and the British like

A

Positive

40
Q

Aboriginal children forcibly removed from their families by the Australian government have become known as…

A

The Stolen Generation

41
Q

The prime minster who apologised to the Stolen Generations was

A

Kevin Rudd

42
Q

What right was awarded to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the 1967 referendum

A

The right to be counted in the official population of Australia

43
Q

The journey to repair the damage inflicted upon Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples is known as

A

reconciliation

44
Q

Dual citizens are available in…

A

in some countries (including Australia)

45
Q

How can a country’s national identity change over time

A

Australia’s national identity continues to evolve as people from a vast array of nations make their contributions to our diverse and multicultural nation

46
Q

Which country was known as Australia’s ‘mother country’

A

Great Britain

47
Q

Which war saw the birth of the Anzac legend

A

World War 1

48
Q

How would you describe the initial meetings between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and the British

A

It started out positive then that relationship was quickly destroyed and all turned to chaos

49
Q

What does terra nullius mean

A

Nobody’s Land

50
Q

With reference to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, what does the term ‘reconciliation’ mean

A

Reconciliation is the process of repairing Indigenous communities through active programs and by fostering understanding and respect of traditional identity and culture

51
Q

What was the outcome of the 1967 referendum

A

Not all Indigenous Australians were given citizenship rights in the 1967 referendum

52
Q
A

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