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All subjects > Science yr8- Energy > Flashcards

Science yr8- Energy Flashcards

1
Q

What is energy?

A

The ability to do work

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2
Q

What is matter?

A

everything that has mass and takes up space (volume)

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3
Q

What is energy measured in?

A

Joules (J) always capital J
-named after James Joules (famous physicist)
-eg: Kilojoules, from food

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4
Q

What are the steps to solve a problem? (in science)

A
  1. Form a hypothesis
  2. Test the hypothesis
  3. Collect the data
  4. analyze the data
  5. make a logical conclusion
  6. repeat
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5
Q

What is the independent variable?

A

The thing you change

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6
Q

What is the dependent variable?

A

The thing you measure

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7
Q

What is the controlled variable?

A

The thing that you keep the same

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8
Q

What is the rule of energy?

A

It cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transformed from one form of energy to other
(Energy is converted or transformed, it is never lost or made)

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9
Q

What is Kinetic energy?

A

Motion/moving objects

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10
Q

What is Light energy?

A

Energy from the Sun

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11
Q

What is Heat energy?

A

Energy that is transferred from one body to another as the result of a difference in temperature

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12
Q

What is Sound energy?

A

It comes from vibrations moving through something.

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13
Q

What is Electrical energy?

A

The flow of electrons through a wire

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14
Q

What is Gravitational energy?

A

The energy stored by objects in a gravitational field

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15
Q

What is Elastic energy?

A

Energy stored in objects when they are under temporary strain, such as being stretched or squashed

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16
Q

What are 2 examples of chemical energy?

A
  1. Food
  2. Batteries
17
Q

What is the level of gravity on Earth?

A

9.8 metres per second, every second

18
Q

What is the relationship between KE and GPE?

A

As the GPE inscreases/decreases the amount of KE decreases/increases

-the total amount of energy stays the same none of it is lost

19
Q

What is the formula for calculating the amount of GPE?

A

mass x gravitational field strength x height

20
Q

What does ‘Energy transfer’ mean?

A

It is energy that can be passed from one object to another

21
Q

What is Heat energy also known as?

A

Thermal energy

22
Q

How does Heat energy travel?

A

It travels from a hotter object, to a cooler object till they are the same temperature

23
Q

What are the 3 ways Heat energy can move?

A

Conduction, Convection and Radiation

24
Q

What is Conduction?

A

-It happens when 2 objects are in contact (at least one of them being a solid)

25
Q

What is Convection?

A

-It’s the flow of heat through gasses and liquids
-Convection causes heat to rise
-The more energy given to the particles the less dense it gets

26
Q

What is Radiation?

A

-Heat transfer over a distance
-A type of heat wave

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