HASS- Water in the World

Question 1

define aquifer

Answer 1

a body of absorbent rock that can contain or transmit groundwater

Question 2

How much water in our world is saltwater, seawater or a part of the ocean

Answer 2

97%

Question 3

How much water in our world is freshwater

Answer 3

3%

Question 4

Out of the freshwater in our world, how much of it is located in ice caps and glaciers

Answer 4

79%

Question 5

Out of the freshwater in our world, how much of it is groundwater

Answer 5

20%

Question 6

out of the freshwater in our world, how much of it is easily accessible

Answer 6

1%

Question 7

define groundwater

Answer 7

water held underground in soil or in pores and crevices of rocks

Question 8

define surface water

Answer 8

water that collects on the surface of the ground

Question 9

define catchment

Answer 9

an area where water is collected by natural landscape

Question 10

define dam

Answer 10

a barrier built to hold back water and raise its level

Question 11

define irrigation

Answer 11

the supply of water to land or crops to help growth

Question 12

advantages of groundwater

Answer 12

-easily accessible
-renewable
-easy to extract
-won’t evaporate

Question 13

disadvantages of groundwater

Answer 13

-easily polluted
-cause waterborne diseases
-reduce water flow

Question 14

define water scarcity

Answer 14

when there is a lack of safe, fresh water

Question 15

Causes of water scarcity

Answer 15

-population expansion
-pollution
-climate change
-urbanisation

Question 16

Effects of water scarcity

Answer 16

-hunger (make people hungry)
-poverty
-lack of education

Question 17

what can be done to help places suffering from water scarcity?

Answer 17

-expand the sources of usable water
-using drip irrigation (more efficient watering)
-installing water tanks that save water

Question 18

Effects of water scarcity on Australia

Answer 18

-reduced energy generation
-reduced access to fresh drinking water
-decreased recreational activities

Question 19

how/for what purpose is water used in Australia

Answer 19

-consumption: 13,337 GL (gigalitres)
-agriculture: 54%
-households: 15%

Question 20

how to conserve water in the household

Answer 20

-turn off the tap when brushing teeth
-only turn on the dishwasher when it’s completely full
-water the garden in the afternoon (less water will be evaporated)

Question 21

Advantages of water conservation in the household

Answer 21

Dishwasher: uses less water to wash the dishes
Sprinklers: keeps grass and plants hydrated
Fridges: saves money on bills

Question 22

Disadvantages of water conservation in the household

Answer 22

Dishwasher: have to rinse dishes before
Sprinklers: overuse will cause plants to die
Fridges: uses more power and water to freeze the ice

Question 23

Consequences of using water

Answer 23

-damage to ecosystems
-negative impact on wetlands, biodiversity, wildlife, and landscape
-bring an economic impact

Question 24

define water footprint

Answer 24

the amount of water individuals, groups, or companies

Question 25

How to secure water for the future

Answer 25

-take shorter showers -put restrictions in place (using less water, watering plants at certain times) -water the garden in the late afternoon, avoid water loss due to evaporation

Question 26

How can the quantity of freshwater be increased?

Answer 26

-build desalination tanks to turn saltwater into freshwater -invent new water conservation technologies -work with natural hydrological cycles

Question 27

Advantages of water storage methods

Answer 27

-boosts economic growth in many countries worldwide -reduces water waste -prevents flood disasters (impounds water during times of higher flow) -saves water

Question 28

Disadvantages of water storage methods

Answer 28

-life cycles of aquatic animals will be affected -reduction in adversity around the reservoir -adverse environmental impacts (destruction of fish habitats and ecosystems)

Question 29

define water stress

Answer 29

when the demand for water exceeds the available amount during a certain period