Hardy Weinberg

Question 1

define
population
gene pool
allele frequency

Answer 1

population- members of a species, living in the same place at the same time that can interbreed

gene pool- all the alleles and genes within a breeding population

allele frequency - proportion of a particular allele within the gene pool

Question 2

what is the Hardy Weinberg principle for

Answer 2

to calculate allele frequencies for a particular gene in a population

Question 3

what factors could affect genetic diversity (allele frequencies) within a gene pool

Answer 3

-population size
-mutation rate
-migration
-natural selection
-environmental change
-non-random mating

Question 4

what is the Hardy-Weinberg Principle and what are the assumptions for it to be true

Answer 4

-frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population will remain constant over time in the absence of other evolutionary influences

assumptions:
-there is a very large population size (eliminates sample error)
-mating is random
-there is no mutation
-there is no selection
-there is no flow of alleles into or out of the population (no immigration/ emigration or genetic drift

Question 5

explain the Hardy Weinberg equation

Answer 5

p= frequency of dominant allele (A)
q= frequency of recessive allele (a)
p^2 = % of homozygous dominant individuals (AA)
q^2= % of homozygous recessive individual (aa)
2pq= % of heterozygous individuals (Aa)

Question 6

which equation is used for frequency of alleles and which one for genotypes of individuals

Answer 6

-frequency of alleles= p or q
-genotypes of individuals = p^2, q^2 or 2pq