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ICT > Handout 4 & 5: storage devices and media > Flashcards

Handout 4 & 5: storage devices and media Flashcards

1
Q

how is 1 and 0 represented in magnetic storage ?

A
  • the iron oxide coating is magnetized for one , and demagnetized for 0
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2
Q

what is the big advantage of magnetic storage devices ?

A
  • is that the data is permanent unless it is written over again
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3
Q

what are the most common devices that uses magnetic properties ?

A
  • hard disk drives (HDD)

- magnetic tapes

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4
Q

what are secondary storage devices ?

A
  • they are devices that ensures that the data is stored permanently so it can be used again at a later date
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5
Q

what is a storage medium ?

A
  • a storage medium is the name given to the device that actually holds that data
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6
Q

what do we store on a secondary storage device ?

A
  • Images , videos , Documents , Music , Games , Software, etc.
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7
Q

what do we mean by a serial ( sequential access) access ?

A
  • Files are stored one by one
  • you have to go through the files one by one until you get to the one you want
  • in other words , data can only be read in the same order that it was written
    For example : VHS tapes , cassette tapes , magnetic tapes
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8
Q

what do we mean by direct ( Random ) access ?

A
  • stores files so that they can be instantly accessed
  • no need to go through the files to get to the one you want
    Examples : DVD , CD-Rom , blue rays , External hard drives , flash drives
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9
Q

what is the use of Magnetic Tapes ?

A
  • due to it’s serial access of data which has a very slow speed for accessing data , it makes the magnetic tape useless in real time or online applications , it is best suited for offline or batch processing , but due to their vast storage capacity , it is used for long term archiving or by large organisations that make daily backups of their network on magnetic tapes
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10
Q

what are the advantages of magnetic tapes ?

A
  • they have huge amount of data storage capacity compared to portable or fixed hard drives
  • they are stored away in a fire proof room
  • they are robust
  • they are in-expensive
  • they have very fast rates of data transfer
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11
Q

what are the disadvantages of magnetic tapes ?

A
  • they have very slow rates of data access due to their serial data access type
  • when updating the tape another tape is needed to store the final version
  • can be affected by magnetic fields
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12
Q

how does a magnetic tape store data ?

A

magnetic storage media devices store data in the form of tiny magnetised dots , these dots are created , removed , erased and read by an electromagnetic field which is created by very tiny electromagnets

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13
Q

compare between data transfer rate and data access time ?

A
  • Data transfer rate is the rate at which data is sent from the storage device to a computer and vice versa
  • Data access time is the time needed to locate a certain file that is stored on the storage device
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14
Q

what is the use of a fixed internal hard drive ?

A
  • it is the main storage device used by all computers for storing :
    - applications
    - files
    - operating system and system files
  • it is also used in real-time system ( robots , controlling a chemical plant ) and in online-systems ( booking an airline ticket , automatic stock control )
  • it is used in file servers for computer networks
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15
Q

what are the advantages of fixed internal hard drive ?

A
  • they are less likely to break as they are fixed
  • they have high storage capacity compared to portable hard drives
  • they have fast data transfer rates and fast data access time
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16
Q

what are the disadvantages of fixed HDD ?

A
  • they have more moving parts than SDD
  • incorrect shut down procedure can malfunction the hard drive , which means it is easily to damage
  • they are more noisy when compared to SDD
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17
Q

what is the use of portable HDD ?

A
  • this device connects to the computer using one of the USB ports , it is used for :
  • personal data backup
  • transferring files from one computer to the other
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18
Q

what are the advantages of portable HDD ?

A
  • portable , transferring files between devices
  • high storage capacities compared to optical disks
  • fast transfer rate of data and fast data access time ( not as fast as fixed HDD )
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19
Q

what are the disadvantages of portable HDD ?

A
  • they are more error prone
  • can be damaged if ejected incorrectly or dropped
  • transfer rates of data and data access times are slower than fixed HDD
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20
Q

what is the use of a CD-ROM ?

A
  • a CD-ROM is a read only disk , and they are normally used to store :
  • audio CD’s
  • Software applications
  • Device drivers
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21
Q

what are the advantages of CD-ROM ?

A
  • they have higher storage capacity than floppy disk
  • they are cheaper than HDD or UBS’s
  • they are compatible with audio systems
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22
Q

what are the disadvantages of CD-ROM ?

A
  • they have slower data transfer rates than other sotrage mediums
  • they are not robust , easily scrateched and damaged
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23
Q

how does an optical disk store and read data ?

A
  • optical disks stores data as patterns or dots , then this data is read written by a laser beam bouncing off the surface of the medium
24
Q

what are the uses of DVD-ROM ?

A
  • DVD-ROMS are read only , they are used to store :
  • DVD movies
  • software applications
  • computer games
25
Q

what are the advantages of DVD-ROMS ?

A
  • can hold more data than CD-ROMS
  • can store larger application
  • videos is higher resolution
26
Q

what are the disadvantages of DVD-ROM ?

A
  • data transfer is slower than other storage mediums

- have to buy a separate DVD player

27
Q

what are the uses of Blu-Ray disks ?

A
  • they use a blue laser rather than red laser used with CD/DVD ROMS , Blu-Ray disks are normally used to store :
  • HD movies
  • Larger software / games applications
  • In camcorders in cartridge form
28
Q

what are the advantages of Blu-Ray disks ?

A
  • large storage capacity used to store HD video content
  • data access time is faster than other optical medium devices
  • fast data transfer rates
  • secure encryption system to minimise chance of copyright
29
Q

what are the disadvantages of Blu-Ray disks ?

A
  • they more more expensive compared to other optical storage devices
  • there is the need of buying a separate player
  • not all movie titles are available on blu -ray dikss
30
Q

what are CD-R and DVD-R ?

A

CD-R and DVD-R can be used once , once they have been used and finalised they will become read-only

31
Q

what are some of the uses of CD-R and DVD-R ?

A
  • backup data

- audio CDs

32
Q

what are the advantages of CD-R and DVD-R ?

A
  • cheaper than CD-RW

- once burned and finalised they behave like a ROM

33
Q

what are the disadvantages of CD-R and DVD-R ?

A
  • not compatible with all players

- if an error has occurred with the burning of the CD or DVD then it can not be used again

34
Q

what are CD-RW and DVD-RW ?

A
  • they allow for the data to be written , erased and rewritten many times
35
Q

what are some of the uses of CD-RW and DVD-RW ?

A
  • in CCTV

- and when recording television programms

36
Q

what are the advantages of CD-RW and DVD-RW ?

A
  • they can be reused many times

- Data can be added at a later stage

37
Q

what are the disadvantages of CD-RW and DVD-RW ?

A
  • more expensive

- data can be overwritten

38
Q

what are DVD RAM ?

A
  • they are used when data needs to be rewritten constantly. DVD RAM can hold up to 10 GB of data and commonly used in recording equipment
39
Q

what are the advantages of DVD RAM ?

A
  • long life
  • large capacity
  • can be rewritten many times
40
Q

what are the disadvantages of DVD RAM ?

A
  • can be expensive

- not compatible with all playback formats

41
Q

what are SSD ?

A
  • they have rapidly taken over from HDD as the main storage device , as the name suggests they use solid-state media and can be used in the same way as an HDD so it can store :
  • files
  • application software
  • operating system
42
Q

what are the advantages of SSD compared to HDD ?

A
  • more reliable
  • they are thinner
  • they have no moving parts
  • they run much cooler than HDD
  • they do not have to get to speed to start working properly
  • they have fast data transfer rates
  • and faster data access time
  • ## have lower power consumption
43
Q

what are the disadvantage of SSD ?

A
  • there longevity of this technology and the durabilty of it
44
Q

what are solid state devices ?

A

they are based on an electric circuit and have no moving parts they store data and used a special type of memory called flash memory

45
Q

uses of USB memory stick ?

A
  • they connect to the computer via a USB port . And they are used to backup and transfer files between computers , and is used as a security device to prevent software piracy
46
Q

what are the advantages of a USB memory stick ?

A
  • they are robust
  • they are light
  • they are not affected by magnetic fields
  • they have large storage capacities
  • they do not need an additional software / device drivers
47
Q

what are the disadvantages of USB memory stick ?

A
  • they can not be made as read only
  • easy to loose
  • can be damaged if not ejected properly
48
Q

what are memory cards used for ?

A
  • they are used to store files on digital cameras , mobile phones and mp3 players and used as a backup device for hand-held devices
49
Q

what are the advantages of memory cards ?

A
  • they are small and can be transferred into another device easily
  • robust
  • can store large amounts of data
50
Q

what are the disadvantages of memory cards ?

A
  • they are quite expensive
  • small capacites comapred to other storage devices
  • they need special reader / player
51
Q

what is backup ?

A
  • backup means making one or more copies of your data in different storage mediums
52
Q

why do we backup data ?

A
  • you could delete files by accident
  • your device can break down
  • your device can get infected with a virus which will edit the data
  • data can be corrupted by hackers
  • ## your laptop could get stolen or damaged
53
Q

why is it essential for business to backup their data ?

A
  • business use computers to store very important data such ( customer record s, financial information , designs for products ) , so if this data is lost it could distrupt the business
54
Q

how is personal backup made ?

A
  • by burning data to a CD-R
  • by copying the data to a USB stick
  • by transferring the data to another computer in the network
55
Q

how are business back up made ?

A
  • they make backups daily
  • they use large capacity devices such as magnetic tapes
  • they automate the process so no one forgets to do it
  • they keep old data just in case
  • they keep the data off-site in case of fires or theft

ICT (16 decks)

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