Hand Tools Flashcards
Hand Tool Classification
(5) Striking Prying Cutting Specialized Multi-purpose
Battering Ram
- Forcible entry, penetrate floors, wall openings for hoselines, rescue work
- 2 firefighter use
- Forward bar hand protect—do not use as handle
- Forked end for breaching walls
- Blunt end for forcing doors
- Heavy duty prying
Sledge Hammer
aka “double jack”
• 10 & 12 lbs
• Break: concrete, tile, walls, floors, metal bending
Crow Bar
- 4 feet long
- 10 lbs
- Prying: doors, floors, equipment
- Can move a railroad car with proper application (bevel down)
Hayward Bar
- General use prying (notch used for leverage)
- Lock breaking
- Window forcing
- Lifting shutters and overhead doors
- Ventilation aide
- Door prying
- Generally replaced with the Haligan
Bolt Cutters
• 2 sizes
o #1—24”, 5lbs, medium steel up to 3/8”
o #3—36:, 13lbs, medium steel up to 9/16”
• Never used to cut electrical wires
• Can cut: iron bars, cables, cyclone fences, padlocks
Cable Cutters
- Carried on some apparatus
- Chain ratchet and beak cutters
- Never used to cut electrical wires
- Can cut soft metals like: aluminum and copper
Chisels
- Various types carried on TFD apparatus, most have hand chisels in tool boxes
- Heavy Rescue 4, carries impact chisel
- Eye protection shall always be worn
Gas Plugs
• 2 styles
o Removable hand/expansion plug
o Attached non-removable handle/expansion plug
• Seals standard size gas lines
• Full turnouts and SCBA required while placing plugs
• (Wet area to prevent sparks)
Hydrant & Spanner Wrenches
- Adjustable up to 1¾”
- 20” long and 5lbs
- Handle adjusts size (smaller=clockwise, larger=counter-clockwise)
- Spanners for tightening or breaking hose couplings 1-6”
Sprinkler Head Stops
• Allows stopping flow without shutting down sprinkler system • 3 types: o Wedge for frame type heads o Tongs (head shut-off) fits different type heads o Tapered for flush type sprinkler heads
Wheel Chocks
• Metal or Plastic (no wood chocks)
• Used in pairs, front and back of tire
o Engine—rear Engineer side
o Ladder—front Engineer side
Water Main Valve “T” Wrench
- Made to TFD and Water Dept standards
- 5’ long, ¾” diameter, square socket, 30” T handle
- Carried on Ladder/Tenders
- Engines and Ladders/Tenders carry a residential “T”
Life Belt
- Extended work on ladders
- Nylon, Steel pompier hook and buckles, and sewn nylon straps
- Buckle bottom strap first to prevent overlooking it
- Snap onto rung with gate down
Pick Headed Axe
- Multi-purpose tool
- Used for: forcible entry, search and rescue, ventilation, opening concealed spaces, sounding to find rafters or studs, breaking glass: temperedpick; ordinaryflat side of head)
Parts of a Pick Headed Axe
- Parts: Axis of handle (90*), pick, blade, shoulder, heel, belly, helve, doe foot
- Parts: Heel cut, eye, wedges (metal and wood)
- Metal wedge is put in with the grain or perpendicular to the axe head/wooden wedge (E&P)
Pick Headed Axe Safety
- Watch for overhead obstructions
- Never swing overhead like a lumberjack
- Always have eye protection
- Keep sharp to prevent slippage
- No loose handles
- Scabbards provided on ladder trucks
- Never carried on shoulder
- Keep hands higher than the axe head when breaking glass
Carrying Pick Headed Axe
How to carry an unsheathed axe:
• When walking, keep close to body, blade down, cover pick w/ one hand & place other hand on shoulder
PIck Headed Axe Maintenance
- Maintenance
- File to sharpen—toward eye
- Spray with WD-40 to prevent rust
Hay Hook
- On most apparatus
- Moving and carrying baled materials, crates, cases, cushioned furniture, auto seats & other soft
- Protect tip when stored
Pike Pole
- Mostly used for checking for fires in ceiling
- Varying lengths
- Wood or fiberglass
- Carry hook forward and down
- Do not carry over shoulder
- Push, pull materials or objects
- Open dry wall ceilings or walls
- Pull metal coverings
- Sounding tool for ventilation activities
- Open windows
- Improvise slides for salvage and litters
Shovels
- Round point, square and scoop shovels
- Water removal and other liquids
- Most often used at automotive accidents
Rubbish Hook
- Roof operations for ventilation, overhaul, sounding, pulling roofing materials, pushing in ceilings, moving debris, ladders carry them
- Used often to test stability of rafters
- Most engines carry these
General Maintenance
- Keep metal surfaces burr free
- Edges sharpened
- Wooden handles maintained with Linseed Oil
Haligan Tool
- General forcible entry tool
- Effective on wood & steel entry doors, interior doors, security doors & bars, swinging glass doors, all window types, dead bolt locks, breaking glass
- Most popular with flat head axe
• Auto extrication uses
• Used in conjunction with K-tool for removal of dead bolt cylinders
• Construction:
-one piece cast steel,
-3’ long
- 2 ends: Adz end w/ spike & forked end
Flat Head Axe
- Cutting and striking tool
* Weights 6 or 8 pounds w/ either wood or fiberglass handle
Utility Shutoff Bag
- Includes: bolt cutters, claw hammer, large flathead screwdriver, 2 pairs of channel-locks, 2 crescent wrenches, pipe wrench, hack-saw, 2 ½” spanner wrench
- Carried on ladders
The Irons
(Flat head axe and Halligan)
• Most common tools used for forcible entry
• Usually paired together with strap
• Very effective and will force entry into most doors and windows
Mininimum Entry Tools for House Fire
- PPE, including SCBA
- Communications
- Hose line
- Irons
- Lighting
- TIC (Thermal Imaging Camera)
K-Tool
- Used to remove smaller dead bolt cylinders
- Called K-tool due to shape of cutting edge of tool
- Used in conjunction with Halligan and Flat Head Axe
- Addition Key Tools to unlock cylinder
Tool Box & Slim-Jim Kit
- Found on all fire apparatus
- Contains various automotive tools
- Slim-Jim used for non-emergency vehicle lock-outs (if emergent, just break window)