Hand And Wrist Flashcards
What do the terms ‘intrinsic’ and ‘extrinsic’ muscles of the hand mean?
The intrinsic muscles of the hand are those muscles that both originate and insert within the hand.
The extrinsic muscles of the hand are those muscles that originate in the forearm and insert into structures in the hand.
What structures pass through the carpel tunnel?
Median nerve
9 flexor tendons
What forms the carpel tunnel?
Trapezium and scaphoid Hamate and pisiform The transeverse ligament (flexor retinculum)
When might u see clawing of hands?
Ulnar injury
Why when clawing of hands occurs due to ulnar imjury, the imdex and middle finger r least deformity? why?
Bc the first and second lumbrical muscles, whoch r innervated by the median nerve, can compensate for thr clawing fingers
Paralysis of which muscles, supplied by the ulnar nerve, is responsible for the claw pattern? Why does hyperextension develop at the MCP joints? Why are the IP joints flexed?
Lumbricles It normally causes flexion of MCP and extension OF INTERPHALAGEANL (pupprt hand move) If ulnar nerve kharban, U get extention of MCP, and flexion of interphalangeal
At the wirst,the ulnar nerve runs on top of the ______bone
Pisiform
The lateral, medial and posterior cords of the brachial plexus are named according to their anatomical relationship to a blood vessel. Name this vessel.
axillary artery
the axillary artery is divided into 3 sections. What are the anatomical landmarks that define these three sections?
The first part of the axillary artery begins at the lateral border of the first rib as a continuation of the subclavian artery
The second part of the axillary artery lies posterior to pectoralis minor
The third part lies lateral to pectoralis minor and continues as the brachial artery at the inferior border of teres major
Which structures form the boundaries, floor and roof of the ‘anatomical snuff box’?
The ulnar (medial) boundary is formed by the tendon of extensor pollicis longus while the radial (lateral) boundary is formed by the tendons of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis. The floor is formed by the scaphoid bone whilst the roof is formed by the skin.
Which artery passes through the anatomical snuff box?
The radial artery passes through the snuffbox on its route to the palmar arches.
Why can superficial lacerations at the wrist result in loss of sensation in the palm of the hand and not in the digits?
At the wrist, the median nerve becomes superficial in the midline and gives off a palmar cutaneous branch which supplies the skin of the mid-palm. This may be divided without division of the median nerve itself. The digital nerves, however, arise from the median and ulnar nerves in the hand and hence are spared in very superficial lacerations at the wrist
Explain why the claw is less pronounced in a proximal ulnar nerve lesion than in a lesion at the wrist.
Ulnar paradox
What are the bony attachments of the flexor retinaculum?
Hamate - pisiform- Scaphoid - trapezium
SHTP
*shut up*
Describe blood supply of hand inlcuding palmar branches
During carpel tunnel syndrome, Explain why the patient does not describe tingling in the palm of her hand.
bc the palmar branch does not pass through the carpal tunnel!
it branches off earlier!
median nerve – location, function and associated muscles
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ulnar nerve – location
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Radial nerve – location, function and associated muscles
Which common actions do the lumbricals and interossei muscles perform and at which joints?
The lumbricals and interossei
flex the fingers at the MCP and extend the fingers at the IPJ.
what is the germinal matrix in the nail?
the axillary nerve, what muscles does it innervate? motor and sensory functions?
describe the Lumbrical muscles
where do they attach?
what is the common extensor tendon?
surface anatomy
what is tennis elbow?
what is hand of benidiction?
unlanr nerve , function and associated muscle
Muscles of the hypothenar Group
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi
what r the thenar muscle groups
abductor pollicus Brevis
flexor pollicus Brevis
what is the thenar group innervated by?
Oppononins pollicus
what is the thenar group innervated by?
what is the hypothenar group innervated by?
describe the interossi muscles of the hand
functions of the interossi
