Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoeskelatal > Hand and Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Hand and Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Bones of the hand

A

From proximal to distal: carpal, metacarpal and phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which bones bones compose the proximal row of carpals?

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which carpal bone is the most commonly fractured and where is it found?

A

The scaphoid, which lies beneath the anatomical snuffbox.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where do the proximal row of carpal bones articulate?

A

Distal radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which bones compose the distal row of carpals?

A

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate (round bone), and hamate (hook bone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

With what structures does the distal row of carpals articulate with?

A

Proximal row of carpal + Metacarpals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Metacarpal characteristics

A

Numbered 1 to 5 (thumb to little finger)

Posses a base, shaft, and head

Associated with head of first metacarpal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which metacarpal bone is most commonly fractured?

A

5th metacarpal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Phalanges characteristics

A

Posses a base, shaft, and head

Termed proximal, distal, and proximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which phalange is most commonly fractured?

A

Distal phalange of middle finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What movements does the carpal joint provide?

A

Provide gliding movements and significant wrist extension and flexion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 4 carpal joints of the hand?

A
  1. Carpometacarpal
  2. Metacarpophalangeal
  3. Proximal interphalangeal (the first phalange [the thumb] only posses this one)
  4. Distal phalangeal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Carpometacarpal and thumb joint ligaments and characteristics

A
  1. Palmar and dorsal (dorsal is strongest)
  2. Interosseous

Allow flexion, extension, ABduction, ADduction, and circumduction

Run from carpals to metacarpals of digits 2-5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Metacarpophalangeal joint ligaments characteristics

A
  1. Radial and ulnar collateral- tight in flexion and loose in extension
  2. Palmar (volar) plate- if broken digit, cast in flexion or it will shorten
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Interphalangeal joint ligaments characteristics

A
  1. Two collaterals- oriented obliquely

2. Palmar (volar) plate- prevents hyperextension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do intrinsic hand muscles originate and what do they do?

A

They originate and insert in the hand and carry out fine, precise movement.

17
Q

Which muscles are more important in powerful hand movements?

A

Forearm muscles

18
Q

Intrinsic hand muscles

A
  1. Thenar eminence (thumb)
  2. Hypothenar eminence (little finger)
  3. Interosseous
  4. Lumbrical
19
Q

Which muscles create the thenar eminence and which nerve supplies them?

A
  1. Flexor pollicis brevis
  2. Abductor pollicis brevis
  3. Opponens pollicis

Median Nerve

20
Q

Which muscles make up the Hypothenar eminence and what nerve supplies them?

A
  1. Flexor digiti minimi brevis
  2. Abductor digiti minimi
  3. Opponens digiti minimi

Innervated by ulnar nerve

21
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis: attachment and function

A

Origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Function: ABducts thumb

22
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis: attachment and function

A

Origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium
Insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Function: flexes proximal phalanx of thumb

23
Q

Opponens pollicis: attachment and function

A

Origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium
Insertion: lateral side of first metacarpal bone
Function: opposes thumb towards center of palm and rotates it medially

24
Q

ADductor pollicis: attachment and function

A

Origin

  • Oblique head: bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals and capitate
  • Transverse head: anterior surface of body of 3rd metacarpal

Insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Function: ADduct thumb towards middle digit

25
Q

ABductor digiti minimi: attachment and function

A

Origin: pisiform and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
Insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Function: ABducts 5th digit

26
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis: attachment and function

A

Origin: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Function: flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

27
Q

Opponens digiti minimi: attachment and function

A

Origin: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th metacarpal

Function: draws the 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, bringing 5th digit into opposition with thumb

28
Q

Lumbricals 1 and 2: attachment and function

A

Origin: lateral two tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
Insertion: lateral side of extensors expansions of 2nd and 3rd digits
Function: flex digit at MCP joints and extend to IP joint

29
Q

Lumbricals 3 and 4: attachment and function

A

Origin: medial three tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
Insertion: lateral side of extensors expansion of 4th and 5th digits
Function: flex digit at MCP joints and extend to IP joint

30
Q

Dorsal interossei: attachment and function

A

Origin: adjacent sides of two metacarpals

Insertion: extensor expansions and bases of proximal phalanges of 2nd to 4th digits

Function: ABducts digits; flexes digits at MCP joints and extend to IP joints

31
Q

Palmar interossei: attachment and function

A

Origin: sides of 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpal bones

Insertion: extensor expansions and bases of proximal phalanges of 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits

Function: ABducts digits; flexes digits at MCP joints and extend to IP joints

32
Q

What surrounds the long tendons as they pass through the hand towards the fingers and what binds them to the phalanges?

A

Synovial Sheath

Fibrous digital sheath

33
Q

What is the anatomical snuff box created by the extensor tendons of the thumb on the dorsum of the hand composed of?

A
  • Medially, the tendon of the extensor pollicis longus

- Laterally, the tendons of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis

34
Q

How is the brachial plexus divided?

A

Five roots (ventral rami)
Three trunks
Six divisions (three anterior, three posterior)
Three cords (named for their relationship to the axillary artery)
Five large terminal branches

35
Q

From where does the brachial plexus arises?

A

Ventral rami of spinal nerves C5-T1

36
Q

Where is C4 found?

A

From the cervical plexus over the shoulder.

37
Q

What nerve root spans from the lateral arm, over deltoid and triceps?

A

C5

38
Q

What area does nerve root C7 supply?

A

Skin of the hand, primarily second through third or fourth digits

39
Q

Whic areas are supplied by C8 and T1?

A

C8: medial two digits (fourth and fifth digits), hypothenar eminence, and medial forearm

T1: medial arm

Musculoeskelatal (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions