Glute and Hip

Question 1

Attachment point of the lower limb to the body’s trunk and axial skeleton

Answer 1

Pelvic girdle

Question 2

It’s the body’s center of gravity when standing upright

Answer 2

Anterior to S2 vertebra of the fused sacrum

Question 3

Bones of pelvic girdle and where they fuse

Answer 3

Ileum, Ischium, and pubis.

They join in the acetabulum

Question 4

Hip joint

Answer 4

classic ball and socket synovial joint that affords great stability

Question 5

Iliofemoral ligament

Answer 5

Attachment is at iliac spine and acetabulum to intertrochanteric line.

Forms an inverte Y (of Bigelow); limits hyperextension and lateral rotation; the stronger ligament.

Question 6

Ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 6

Attaches from acetabulum to femoral neck posteriorly.

Limits extension and medial rotation; the weakest ligament

Question 7

Pubofemoral ligament

Answer 7

Attaches from pubic ramus to lower femoral neck

Limits extension and ABduction

Question 8

Labrum

Answer 8

Attaches to acetabulum

Fibrocartilage that deepens the socket

Question 9

Transverse acetabular ligament

Answer 9

Attaches acetabular notch inferiorly

Cups acetabulum to form a socket for femoral head

Question 10

Ligament of the head of femur

Answer 10

Attaches from acetabular notch and transverse ligament to femoral head

Artery to femoral head runs in this ligament

Question 11

Gluteus maximus

Answer 11

Origin: Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx; and sacrotuberous ligament

Insertion: Most fibers end in iliotibial tract, which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur

Fx: Extends flexed thigh at the hip and assists in its lateral rotation; ABducts and assists in rising trunk from flexed position

Nerve: inferior gluteal

Question 12

Gluteus medius

Answer 12

Origin: Lateral surface of ileum
Insertion: Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
Fx: ABducts and medially rotates the thigh at hip; steadies pelvis on limb when opposite limb is raised

Nerve: superior gluteal nerve

Question 13

Gluteus minimus

Answer 13

Origin: Lateral surface of ileum
Insertion: Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
Fx: ABducts and medially rotates the thigh at hip; steadies pelvis on limb when opposite limb is raised

Nerve: superior gluteal nerve

Question 14

Tensor fasciae latae

Answer 14

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine; anterior part of iliac crest
Insertion: Iliotibial tract, which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia
Fx: ABducts, medially rotate and flex the thigh at hip; helps to keep knee extended

Nerve: superior gluteal

Question 15

Piriformis

Answer 15

Origin: Anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: Superior border of greater trochanter of femur
Fx: Laterally rotates extended thigh at hip and ABdcuts flexed thigh at hip; steadies femoral head in acetabulum

Nerve: Branches from ventral rami

Question 16

Obturator internus

Answer 16

Origin: Pelvic surface of obturator membrane
Insertion: Medial surface of greater trochanter
Fx: Laterally rotates extended thigh at hip and ABdcuts flexed thigh at hip; steadies femoral head in acetabulum

Nerve: nerve to obturator internus

Question 17

Gemelli, superior and inferior

Answer 17

Origin:

• Superior: ischial spine
• Inferior: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial surface of greater throcanter of femur.

Fx: Laterally rotates extended thigh at hip and ABdcuts flexed thigh at hip; steadies femoral head in acetabulum

Nerve:

• Superior: nerve to obturator internus
• Inferior: quadratus femoris nerve

Question 18

Quadratus femoris

Answer 18

Origin: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it
Fx: Laterally rotates the thigh at hip; steadies femoral head in acetabulum