Arm And Cubital Fossa Flashcards
Arm Joints
Proximal: Glenohumeral Joint
Distal: Humeroulnar and Humeroradial
Proximal Radio-Ulnar
Which bones make up the Glenohumeral joint?
Scapula + Humerus
Elbow joints responsible for flexión and extension
Humeroulnar + Humeroradial
Elbow joint responsible for supination and pronation
Proximal radio-ulnar joint
Attachment and components of Glenohumeral joint
Attaches from supraglenoid tubercle to lesser tubercle of the humerus.
Has an superior, middle and inferior thickening
Attachment and components of transverse humeral ligament
Spans the greater and lesser tubercle of the humerus.
Holds the long head of the bicep tendon.
What are the components of the ulnar collateral ligament and where does it attach?
Attaches from medial epicondyle of the humerus to coronoid process and olecranon of ulna.
Has an anterior, posterior and oblique band.
What are the components of the radial collateral ligament and where does it attach?
Attaches from lateral epicondyle of humerus to radial notch and angular ligament.
Weaker than ulnar collateral ligament but provides posterolateral stability.
What are the components of the angular ligament and where does it attach?
It surrounds the radial head and radial notch of the ulna.
Keeps the radial head in the radial notch; allows pronation and supination.
In what two compartments is the arm divided?
It is divided into anterior (flexor) and posterior (extensor) by the intermuscular septum
What nerve and blood vessel supplies the posterior compartment of the arm?
Radial nerve + profunda brachii artery
Supplies blood and innervation to flexor compartment of the arm
Brachial artery and musculocuteaneous nerve
Muscles of of anterior compartment of the arm
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis
Muscles of of extensor compartment of the arm
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Origin of biceps brachii
Short head: apex of coracoid process of scapula
Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Insertion of biceps brachii
Radial tuberosity
Attachments of Brachialis
Proximal: middle anterior surface of humerus
Distal: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
Attachments of Coracobrachialis
Proximal: tip of the coracoid process of the scapula
Distal: middle medial surface of humerus
Biceps brachii function
Flexes forearm at elbow; flexes supinated forearm
Brachioradialis main action
Flexes forearm at elbow in any position
Coracobrachialis function
Helps flex and abduct arm at shoulder
Proximal attachment of triceps brachii
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Medial and lateral heads: posterior surface of humerus
Distal attachment of triceps brachii
Posterior surface of olecranon of ulna
Main actions of triceps brachii
Main extensor of the the elbow; steadies the head of abducted humerus
Main actions of anconeus
Assists triceps in extension; abducts ulna during pronation
Aconeus attachments
Proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Distal: lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna
Two articular parts of the condyle
- Capitulum: articulates with radius
2. Throchlea: articulates with ulna
Brachial artery (4 characteristics)
Continuation of axillary artery
Divides into radial and ulnar arteries
In proximal arm: lies on medial side
In distal arm: lies on lateral side
Median nerve (3 characteristics)
Passes down medial side of the arm
Proximal region: lateral to brachial artery
Distal region: medial to brachial artery
Ulnar nerve (trajectory)
Enters arm with median nerve and axillary artery, passing medial to the artery.
Passes posterior to medial epicondyle of humerus and then to anterior compartment of the forearm.
What is the cubital fossa?
Triangular depression between brachioradialis and pronator teres.
