Hallucinogens Flashcards
What are the medical indications of Psilocybin? (2)
severe depression
only aids psychological not physiological (used in palliative care)
LSD origination (3)
derived from lysergic acid
cereal fungus ergot
Hoffman first synthesised in 1943
Definition of psychedelics (1)
a drug that induces experiences that are quantitatively different from ordinary consciousness eg dreams, meditation, trances and religious ecstasy
What are the three varieties of psychedelics? (3)
Catecholamines
Indoleamines
Lysergomides
Catecholamine psychedelics and what patients present with (3)
Dopamine
Mescanine
present as energetic, sensual and empathogenic
Indolamine psychedelics and what patients present with (4)
DMT
Serotonin
present as hallucinogenic, disorientated and feel heavy
hallucinogenic effects by 5-HT2 and and reward 5-HT7
What are the 4 regulators of drug potency? (4)
rigidity of structure
molecular shape and size (efficacy and affinity)
binding profile
speed of metabolism
What is N&V post trip associated with? (1)
5-HT’s effect on smooth muscle
Areas of the brain associated with thought and self-awareness cause what psychedelic feeling? (1)
expanded state of consciousnes
Describe lateral cortico-cortical signal flow (2)
L5 pyramidal cells are connected to L6 via the thalamus
L1-5 reach
What are the 4 visual errors caused by errors in lateral cortico-cortical signal flow, what is the umbrealla term for these scenarios and what is the error? (6)
subtle flicker of pulse of light intensity
light halos and auras
geometric grid of matrices
loss of depth perception
Global multisensory frame aliasing is the umbrella term leading to perception overload and the 4 stated visual experiences
precise synchonry and temporal fidelity (accuracy) is key in correct signalling. Destabilisation of L5 circuits leads to global multisensory frame aliasing.
