haemorrhoids

Question 1

2 types of haemorrhoids? (2+5)

Answer 1

1) internal
- originate above internal rectal plexus (dentate line)
- less painful as has decreased sensory supply
- may feel “incomplete emptying”

2) external haemrrhoids
- originate below dentate line
- so painful patients can’t sit down!

Question 2

Investigations to diagnose haemorrhoids? (2)

Answer 2

External haemorrhoids = PR exam (digital) - may be visible though
Internal haemorrhoids = proctoscopy

Question 3

Most common cause of haemorrhoids? (2)

Answer 3

• Constipation with increase straining
• also anal sex

Question 4

Symptom of haemorrhoids? (3)

Answer 4

-Bright red flesh PR bleeding and mucosy bloody stool
-bulging pain
+/- pruritas ani (itchy bum)

Question 5

What are haemorrhoids? (2)

Answer 5

Swollen veins around anus disrupt anal cushions
- parts of the anal cushions prolapse through tight anal passage

Question 5

Treatment for haemorrhoids? (2)

Answer 5

Stool softener
Definitive= rubber band ligation