gastritis Flashcards
Gastritis: Definition
Erosion:
Superficial/partial break within the epithelium or mucosal surface
Ulcer:
Deep break through the full thickness of the epithelium or mucosal surface
Gastritis: Aetiology (6)
- H. Pylori (most common cause)
- Viruses e.g cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex
- Duodenogastric reflux
- Crohn’s disease
- NSAIDs
- Alcohol Abuse
Common complications of severe atrophic gastritis? (7)
Gastric ulcers
Gastric cancer
Anaemia
Gastric polyps
haemorrhage
peritonitis
distal obstruction
Gastritis: Complications
Perforation (abnormal openieng or hole)
Haemorrhage
Gastric outlet obstruction (blockage at distal end)
Gastritis: Epidemiology
Relatively common condition
Gastritis: Investigations
ECG
bloods - FBC, LFT
CLO - capylobacteria-like-organism
gold standard - endoscopy + biopsy
other:
H. pylori testing - can be invasive or non-invasive - IgG
Gastritis: Key Presentations
Epigastric pain, dyspepsia (indigestion - discomfort in your upper abdomen) and heartburn
Gastritis: Management
treat underlying problems eg heart failure
if H.pylori - treat
non penicillin allergy:
- proton pump inhibitor
- clarithromycin
- metroniadazole
camplobacter - if severe give clarithromycin - usually self limiting
reverse muscosal ishcemia
get rid of acid - proton pump inhibitors
Gastritis: Pathophysiology
Damage to gastric mucosa may lead to a loss of the protective mucin layer (acts as a buffer) that then allows acid to corrode the mucosa and form an ulcer
Ulcers can cause haemorrhage and peritonitis
mucin = protective gel like layer of mucus
Gastritis: Signs and Symptoms
no signs
symtpoms:
malaena - dark sticky faces containing partially digested blood
What converts urea to water and ammonia and where is this enzyme found?
H.pylori - contains urease which converts urea to water and ammonia
What releases secretin?
Secretin is released by the S cells in the upper small intestine
What stops acidic stomach acid from getting to epithelium
Buffering mucin
