Haemolytic uraemic syndrome

Question 1

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome is generally seen in

Answer 1

seen in young children - most common cause off AKI in children

Question 2

SECONDARY causes of typical hemolytic uremic syndrome ?

Answer 2

shigella toxin producing ECOLI 0157:h7

pneumoccocal infection

hiv

SLE /DRUGS / CANCER

Question 3

PRIMARY ATYPICAL CAUSES OF HUS?

Answer 3

complement dysregulation

Question 4

Blood investigations seen in HUS?

Answer 4

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia - microangiopathic hemolytic anemia - characterized by negative coomb test

thrombocytopenia

AKI!!!!

Question 5

what is seen in blood film in HUS?

Answer 5

schistocytes and helmet cells

Question 6

how to diagnose shigella toxin producing Ecoli?

Answer 6

stool culture - shiga toxins

Question 7

clinical features of typical HUS ?

Answer 7

diarrhea before - shigella toxin producing ecoli ecoli 0157:h7

Blood in urine

abdominal pain (usually severe)

and diarrhoea (typically bloody)

Question 8

MX of secondary HUS ?

Answer 8

ABx plays no role

supportive - Iv fluids , blood transfusion and dialysis

plasma exchange in particular patinets

Question 9

when do we give plasma exchange in patinets with HUS ?

Answer 9

severe cases of HUS NOT associated with diarrhea

Question 10

MX of primary /ATYPICAL HUS ?

Answer 10

eculizumab C5 monoclonal antibody - greater efficiency than plasma echange for atypical HUS

Question 11

how to diffrentiate HUS from THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIA PURPURA

Answer 11

SAME CLINICAL FEATURES AS HUS - microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
thrombocytopenia
renal failure

HOWEVER THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIA HAVE NEUROLOGICAL SIGNS SUCH AS CONFUSION - DUE TO MICROEMBOLI