Haematuria Flashcards
what is haematospermia
blood in semen
how many people with prostate cancer have haematuria
13%
what are the types of visible haematuria
macroscopic and gross haematuria
what are the types of non visible haematuria
microscopic
dipstick positive
symptomatic non visible
what must you ask in a history with a patient with microscopic haematuria
smoking Hx occupational exposure (dyes and chemicals) Hx of gross haematuria Hx of urological disease Hx of bleeding disorder Hx of UTI analgesic abuse
how many people with frank haematuria have malignancy
20%
what are the inflammatory causes of haemturia
(inflammation increases blood supply to the kidney) urethritis prostatitis cystitis pyelonephritis
why can tumours can haematuria
invasion into urinary tract
formation of new blood vessels
are you likely to have haematuria in prostate cancer
no needs to be v advanced
more likely caused by radiation or BPH
what are the features of penile cancer
itching /burning under the foreskin
red indurated area
mass/ lump/ nodule
what cancer is most likely to present with frank haematuria
bladder cancer
how many BPH present with haematuria
20%
what is sportes/ jogger haematuria
renal/ bladder trauma occuring in contact sports/ long distance running
due to vasoconstriction of the renal vessels (hypoxic damage to the renal vessels) = constriction of the efferent arterioles
common to get microscopic haematuria with no urological pathology
what is loin pain haemturia syndrome
periods of severe unilateral (or bilateral but less common) loin pain radiating to abdomen, medial thigh or groin
symptoms of dysuria, vomiting and low grade fever
what is decompression haematuria
haematuria post catheterisation
