Haematuria Flashcards
What is haematuria?
This is the presence of 2-3RBCs/ HPF in two out of three consecutive fresh, centrifuged urine specimen obtained 1 week apart
What are the different forms in which haematuria present?
Macroscopic ( Gross) haematuria
Microscopic with symptoms
Microscopic asymptomatic ( isolated)
Microscopic asymptomatic haematuria and proteinuria
Causes of transient haematuria?
Sexual activity
Exercises
Viral illness
Trauma( instrumentation)
Menstruation
Situations which can result in false negative dipstick test for haematuria are
High SG urine
High ascorbic acid conc in urine
Situations which results in false positive dipstick test for haematuria include
Delayed reading
Contact with oxidising agent
Glomerular haematuria
Brown coloured or tea coloured urine
Cellular cast
Dysmorphic erythrocytes
Low MCV of erythrocyte
Concomitant proteinuria
The clinical presentation of glomerular haematuria are
Hypertension
Systemic illness ( like arthritis)
Oliguria , edema
Common causes of haematuria include
Post- infectious glomerulonephritis
IgA nephropathy
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Lupus nephritis
What is post-infection glomerulonephritis?
Occurs 7-21 days after an infection by group A beta hemolytic streptococcal infection.
Antibiotics doesn’t stop the nephritis
Laboratory findings of post-infection haematuria
C3 is low in 90% of the patients for 6 weeks
C4 normal
The forms of idiopathic hypercalciuria are
Renal
Absorptive
