Haematopoictic system

Question 1

What are erythrocytes

Answer 1

Red blood cells

Question 2

What makes up the majority of the blood

Answer 2

Plasma which is made up of 90% water, 7% plasma proteins and electrolytes and hormones

Question 3

What makes up the rest of the blood with plasma

Answer 3

Red blood cells (erythrocyte)

Question 4

What are leukocytes

Answer 4

White blood cells

Question 5

What are platelets

Answer 5

Cells made in the blood marrow that cause blood clots

Question 6

What is the function of erythrocytes

Answer 6

To transport gasses around the body, and produce more red blood cells

Question 7

What is an hypotonic

Answer 7

The water potential of the solution is higher than the cell and so water moves into the cell causing it to expand

Question 8

What is a hypertonic solution

Answer 8

When the water potential of a solution is lower than the cell and so water moves out causing the cell to shrivel

Question 9

What are reticulocytes

Answer 9

Less mature blood cells

Question 10

How long do erythrocytes circulate for

Answer 10

120 days

Question 10

How long do reticulocytes circulate for

Answer 10

2 day

Question 11

What are the two types of leukocytes

Answer 11

Granulocytes and agranulocytes

Question 12

What is a Granulocyte

Answer 12

A type of white blood cell that produces bacteria fighting granules

Question 13

What are the three types of granulocytes

Answer 13

Basophils, neutrophils and eosinophils

Question 14

What is a neutrophil and what’s their function

Answer 14

The most abundant type of granulocytes. They kill bacteria via phagocytosis. They have a multi-lobed nucleus and they last 1-4 days in the blood

Question 15

What is an eosinophils

Answer 15

A type of granulocyte that kills worms. They have a bilobed nucleus and in their cytoplasm have a core of proteins

Question 16

What is a basophil

Answer 16

Another type of granulocyte however is smaller than eosinophils and neutrophils. They have 2-3 nuclear lobes

Question 17

How long do neutrophils last in the body for.

Answer 17

1-4 days with a half life of 6-8 hours in the blood

Question 18

How long do eosinophils last for in the blood.

Answer 18

8 hours

Question 19

How large are neutrophils and eosinophils

Answer 19

12-15 um

Question 20

How big are basophils

Answer 20

9-19um

Question 21

What are agranulocytes

Answer 21

A type of leukocyte that do not contain granules

Question 22

What’s a monocyte

Answer 22

A type of agranulocyte. It contains one oval nucleus and a pale cytoplasm. It lasts 5-8

Question 23

What is a lymphocyte

Answer 23

A type of agranulocyte that contains a large rounded nucleus surrounded by a thin cytoplasm.

Question 24

What is a thrombocyte

Answer 24

A platelet

Question 25

What is the function of a thrombocyte

Answer 25

The stop bleeding by clotting (hemostasis) and they’re made in the bone marrow (megakaryocytes).

Question 26

What are megakaryocytes

Answer 26

A type of cell in the bone marrow that produce thrombocytes.

Question 27

What is hematopoiesis

Answer 27

Production of new red blood cells

Question 28

What is a hemopoietic tissue

Answer 28

A tissue that produces erythrocytes

Question 29

What are 2 examples of hemopoietic tissue

Answer 29

Myeloid tissue (in bone marrow) and lymphoid tissue (in lymph system)

Question 30

What are the stage of blood clots

Answer 30

Vasoconstriction (vessels narrow) followed by temporary clot then by coagulation

Question 31

How do thrombocytes cause blood clots

Answer 31

Collagen activates platelets. This causes platelets to release platelet factors which attract more platelets causing them to combine to form a plug in the cut

Question 32

What antibodies do type A blood cells have in the plasma

Answer 32

B

Question 33

What antibodies do type B blood cells have in their antibodies

Answer 33

A

Question 34

What antibodies do type AB blood cells have in their plasma

Answer 34

None

Question 35

What antibodies do type O blood cells have in their body

Answer 35

Both AB