Biochemistry, lipids Flashcards
What is xanthelasma
Build up of cholesterol under the skin, usually the eyes
What condition is xanthelasma an example of
Xantroma, which is a build up of fat under the skin
Why does xanthelasma occur
High levels of cholesterol in the blood deposit
What type of molecule is cholesterol
Steroid
Is cholesterol soluble
No
What happens when cholesterol stacks
Forms crystals that can be found in urine.
How is cholesterol produced
Acetic acid is activated into acetyl coA. Acetyl coA undergoes a multi enzyme step in which mevalonic acid is produced.
What happens when cholesterol stacks
Produced crystals usually found in urine
How can cholesterol levels be lowered
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors are administered to inhibit the production of HMG CoA which is an enzyme found in the mevalonic pathway that is used to make cholesterol
What is the name of lipids with double bonds
Unsaturated
What are cis and trans bonds
Cis have the r group/hydrogen on the same side of the double bond and trans have them on opposing sides
What type of bond in unsaturated fatty acids are associated with healthier foods
Cis
What is the name of the bond in lipids
Ester
What is the name of the process which produces lipids
Esterification
What is hydrogenation in industry
The production of solid fats from unsaturated cis fats
