Haematopoetic components Flashcards

1
Q

where does erythropoiesis (red blood cell production) occur

A

bone marrow (pluripotent stem cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what do pluripotent stem cells develop to

A

Myeloid progenitor (become blood cells)
or
lymphoid progenitor (become lymphoid cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the function of erythrocytes

A

contain haemoglobin that bind to oxygen and carry it around the body.
and carry carbon dioxide for excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

which cells produces platelets

A

megakaryocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are reticulocytes

A

immature red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are functions of neutrophils

A

tissue repair
phagocytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which blood cell is not found in the blood

A

macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how are macrophages developed

A

monocytes leave the blood and develop into macrophages in tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how to identify eosinophils under the microscope

A

very pink due to staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

function of eosinophils

A

helminth (soil transmitted) infection
allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

most abundant white blood cells

A

neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how to identify monocytes

A

large nucleus
human kidney shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how to identify basophils

A

large cytoplasmic granules that block the nucleus
not very abundant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the functions of mast cells

A

release histamines (activating factors) for wound release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what percentage of white blood cells are neutrophils

A

60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what percentage of white blood cells are lymphocytes

A

30%

17
Q

how to identify lymphocytes

A

very large nucleus
circular

18
Q

what is the adaptive immune system

A

specialised lymphocytes

19
Q

where are T lymphocytes developed

A

Thymus

20
Q

where are B lymphocytes mature

A

Bone marrow and Lymph nodes
Bursa of Fabricus in birds

21
Q

What hormone stimulates erythrocyte production

A

erythropoietin

22
Q

which are the primary lymphoid organs

A

thumus
bone marrow (bursa of fabricius in birds)

23
Q

which are the secondary lymphoid organs

A

spleen
lymph nodes
tonsils

24
Q

what are tertiary lymphoid organs

A

ectopic tissue that develops at site of chronic inflammation

25
Q

what are the lobules of the thymus

A

cortex
medulla

26
Q

when is the thymus most active

A

early life to make the most immune cells

27
Q

what are the functions of the spleen

A

white pulp: surveys the blood that flows through for foreign antigens
red pulp: filters + removes damaged or aged red blood cells by phagocytosis

28
Q

what is the purpose of the spleen trabeculae

A

for contraction so spleen can push out erythrocytes

29
Q

where are B cells localised in lymph nodes

A

follicles

30
Q

what occurs in the paracortex of lymph nodes

A

T cells are localised

31
Q

how to lymphocytes get from lymph nodes to the blood

A

efferent lymphatic

32
Q

name the 5 palpable lymph nodes

A

submandibular
pre scapula
axillary
inguinal
popliteal

33
Q

what is Gut Associated Lymphoid tissue

A

mucosal membrane that is exposed to the environment
(secondary lymphoid tissue)