haematopoesis Flashcards
2 main stem cells and which cell lines they produce
myeloid blasts = erythrocytes, granulocytes (the phils), monocytes and platelets.
lymphoblasts = T and B lymphocytes
erythrocytes
function is to carry oxygen from the lungs to tissue and then CO2 back to lungs from tissue. regulated by feedback system in response to hypoxia. kidney sets low levels of O2 and increases erythropoietin production which increases RBC production rate. average cell survives 120 days
neutrophils
multi-lobed nucleus and granules in cytoplasm. Their function is to circulate the site of infection (chemotaxis) and destroy foreign material by phagocytosis. chemotaxis is due to materials released by pathogen/other white blood cells. life time = 10 hours
eosinophils
bi lobed nucleus and orange granules. capable of phagocytosis. release cytotoxic enzymes to damage lager particles and number increase in response to allergic reaction
basophils
many large purple granules and mediate inflammatory reaction by releasing herapin and histamine to promote coagulation.
lymphocytes
small cells with round nucleus and pale blue cytoplasm T lymphocytes = response inside cells divide from T helper to T killer and B cells and B lymphocytes = humoral immunity outside cells. divide to plasma cells
platelets
small blue round particles produced from the cytoplasm of Megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. contain aloha granules and dense granules. platelets results in platelet adhesion to damaged cell wall and aggregation of other platelets. also have surface to which clotting factors are able to bind
monocytes
large cells with folded nucleus and grey/blue cytoplasm. migrate to tissue and become macrophages. capable of chemotaxis (move to site of infection) and phagocytosis. also interact with T cells
name all the components of blood
erythrocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, platelets and neutrophils
