Gynecomastia

Question 1

Can females be diagnosed with gynecomastia?

Answer 1

No

Question 2

Breast tissue measures at least ____ in diameter

Answer 2

2 cm

Question 3

Three stages in human development where gynecomastia is expected

Answer 3

• Neonatal
• Adolescence
• Senesence

Question 4

T/F. Gynecomastia does not predispose the male breast to cancer

Answer 4

True; except when it occurs due to a hypoandrogenic state (Klinefelter syndrome)

Question 5

Clinical grade

Answer 5

• Grade 1
  
  • mild breast enlargement and no skin redundancy
• Grade 2a
  
  • Moderate breast enlargement without skin redundancy
• Grade 2b
  
  • Moderate breast enlargement with skin redundancy
• Grade 3
  
  • Marked breast enlargement with marked skin redundancy

Question 6

Important histopath finding

Answer 6

Epithelial hyperplasia of the duct lining with characteristic tapering micropapillae

Question 7

A25-year-old nonalcoholic man has noticeable right gynecomastia since age 20. He is most uncomfortable and reluctant to swim or exercise at a gym for fear of being an object of derision. He should be advised to have which of the following?

1. Right mastectomy
2. Observation
3. Needle biopsy of the brast
4. Endocrine workup and right subcutaneous mastectomy
5. Testosterone therapy by transdermal
   patch

Answer 7

Answer: 4

• Endocrine workup and right subcutaneous mastectomy

Rationale:

• In general, persistent gynecomastia should be evaluated to rule out endocrine abnormalities
• In most cases, none are found
• Subcutaneous mastectomy is indicated if the patient is self-conscious