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Obstetrics and Gynecology > Gynecology and OB > Flashcards

Gynecology and OB Flashcards

1
Q

Ligament of the uterus that provides substantial uterine support

A

Cardinal ligament
Uterosacral

Level I

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2
Q

Point of reference to compute POP Pelvic Organ Prolapse scoring

A

Hymen

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3
Q

Risk factor associated to 10 fold higher odds of POP

A

vaginal birth

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4
Q

Initial incision to the parietal peritoneum to gain access to the retroperitoneal space

A

Round ligament

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5
Q

Artery that courses through round ligament

A

Sampson artery

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6
Q

Sampson artery is a branch of the

A

uterine artery from internal iliac

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7
Q

Suspensory ligament of the ovary

A

Infundibulopelvic ligament

with ovarian vessels

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8
Q

Ovarian arteries are direct branch of

A

Aorta

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9
Q

R ovarian vein drains to

A

IVC

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10
Q

L ovarian vein drains to

A

Lef renal

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11
Q

Blood vessel in cervix is located at

A

3 o clock

9 o clock

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12
Q

Most common site of cervical dysplasia

A

Transformation zone

Old -> new squamocolumnar junction

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13
Q

Ovarian artery is a branch of

A

Aorta

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14
Q

Uterine artery is a branch of the

A

Internal iliac artery

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15
Q

Water under the bridge

A

Uterine artery above ureter

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16
Q

Ligated to control hemorrhae

A

Internal iliac artery

Ovarian artery

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17
Q

Hyperflexion of the leg in lithotomy injures what nerve

A

Femoral nerve

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18
Q

Hyperflexion of the knee during lithotomy injures the

A

Common peroneal nerve

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19
Q

Most catastrophic bleeding occurs when implantation site is in the

A

Intramural segment (anastomosis of ovarian and uterine artery)

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20
Q

Preferred site to apply occlusive device such as clip for female sterilization

A

Isthmus

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21
Q

Honeycomb pattern

Snowstorm pattern

A

Molar pregnancy

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22
Q

Structures that originate from Mullerian duct

A

Fallopian tube
Uterus
Cervix

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23
Q

Absence/agenesis of Mullerian Duct

Cc: Primary amenorrhea

XX

With vagina upon IE but no cervix, uterus and fallopian tube

With ovary

A

Mayer Rokitansky Kuster Hauser Syndrome

24
Q

Cervic
Uterus
Fallopian tube

All from Mullerian duct are lined by

A

Columnar epithelium

25
Q

True conjugate
Obstetric conjugate
Diagonal conjugate

A

12
10
11.5

TOD
Subtract 1.5 - 2 cm from True conjugate

26
Q

End product of follicular phase

A

Estrogen high

27
Q

Aromatization of adrostenedione and testosterone into estrogen and progesterone is made possible by this hormone

A

Progesterone

28
Q

LH surge is caused by

A

High output estrogen

29
Q

Primary oocytes are arrested in this phase of meiosis I?

A

Prophase I

30
Q

End product of luteal phase

A

Progesterone

31
Q

Secondary arrest of primary oocyte happens in what phase of meiosis II

32
Q

First histologic indication of progesterone

A

Subnuclear vacuoles

33
Q

Stimulates GnRH

A

Neuroepinephrine
Neuropeptide Y
Glutamate

34
Q

Inhibitory to GnRH

A

GABA
Beta endorphin
CRH
dopamine

35
Q

Estrogen is secreted by

A

Dominant follicle of ovary

36
Q

Estrogen target organs

A

Hypothalamus
AP
Endometrium

+ feedback
growth of endometrium

37
Q

Inhibin is secreted by

A

Dominant follicle of ovary

38
Q

Inhibin targets the

A

Anterior pituitary

  • feedback
    to inhibit FSH to promote ovulation
39
Q

Progesterone is secreted by

A

Corpus luteum of ovary

Targets endometrium
Secretion of glands and hyperplasia

40
Q

Clomiphene citrate MOA

A

Estrogen antagonist for anovulation to stimulate inc FSH

41
Q

Letrozole

A

Aromatase inhibitor that inhibits enzyme that hydrolzes enzyme for aromatization

42
Q

Best time to perform UTZ in AUB

A

Day 4-6 menstruation

= 5 mm rules out endometrial carcinoma

43
Q

Endometrial biopsy is done if

A

age >40 years
risk factors for endometrial CA
failure of medical treatment
breast CA patient on tamoxifen with AUB

44
Q

Attenuated androgen

Produces hypoestrogenic and hyperandrogenic effect

45
Q

Level II De Lancey support

A

Pubocervical fascia anteriorly
Rectovaginal fascia posteriorly
Levator ani (through tendinous fasciae)

46
Q

Level III De Lancey Support

A

Perineal membrane

47
Q

Relaxin is secreted by the

A

Corpus luteum along with progesterone

48
Q

Palpable lateral bulge or soft prominence one of the locations where the uterine tube meets the uterus

A

Piskacek sign

49
Q

Ferning is by the hormone

50
Q

Response to pregnancy/progesterone by vaginal cells

A

Navicular cell

Naked cell

51
Q

All clotting factors are increased in pregnancy except

A

XI
XIII

Inc 50% of fibrinogen

52
Q

All CV functions increased except

53
Q

Anemia threshold in pregnancy

A

First - 11 g/dl
Second - 10.5 g/dl
Third - 11 g/dl

54
Q

Pregnant is more prone to GERD due to laxity because of

A

Progesterone

55
Q

Hyperemesis gravidarum tx

A

Doxylamine with Pyridoxine

56
Q

No pregnancy >20 weeks

A

Nullipara

But Gravida

57
Q

Iron requirement

A

60 mg/day elemental iron
100 mg ferrous fumarate
150 ng ferrous sulfate

Obstetrics and Gynecology (18 decks)

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