Gynecologic sono final Flashcards
1
Q
When a sonographer discovers a bicornuate uterus, which area should also be evaluated?
A
kidneys
2
Q
The outer serosal layer of the uterus is the…..
A
perimetrium (not parametrium)
3
Q
Days 6-13 in the uterus are considered the __________ phase?
A
proliferative
4
Q
The hormone primarily responsible for ovulation is ____________?
A
LH
5
Q
The corpus luteum secretes_______.
A
progesterone
6
Q
The ovary is attached to the uterine cornu by the ____________ ligament.
A
ovarian
7
Q
Which of the following is not a sonographic appearance associated with a benign cystic teratoma? A. hyperechoic B. plug C. whorled appearance D. tip of the iceburg
A
C. Whorled appearance
8
Q
Symptoms of PID generally do not include A. purulent vaginal discharge B. dyspareunia C. dyschezia D. leukocytosis
A
C. Dyschezia
9
Q
Sonographic signs that ovulation has occurred do not include A. cumulus oophorus B. rapid decrease in follicular size C. posterior cul de sac fluid D. free fluid in pouch of douglas
A
A. Cumulus Oophorus
10
Q
A patient with a pregnancy history of G3P2012 has had how many term deliveries?
A
2 ( not sure what this is )
11
Q
The term “chocolate cyst” refers to a
A
endometrioma
12
Q
The uterus and fallopian tubes are formed from the ____________ ducts.
A
paramesonephric (Mullerian)
13
Q
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
A
luteinizing hormone
14
Q
Which of the following muscles that supports the pelvic structures is referred to as the pelvic diaphragm? A. levator ani m. B. obturator internus m. C. iliopsoas m. D. psoas major m.
A
A . levator ani muscle
15
Q
The fallopian tubes extend from which part of the uterus?
A
cornua
16
Q
Which of the following potential peritoneal spaces is also known as the pouch of douglas?
A
rectouterine pouch
17
Q
The most common anomaly caused by failure of the mullerian ducts to fuse is
A
bicornuate uterus
18
Q
Which of the following is most suggestive of an ovarian malignancy? A. mural nodules B. thin septations c. anechoic D. increased vascular impedance
A
A. Mural nodules
19
Q
Which of the following will appear as a cyst in the cervical region of the uterus? A. gartners duct cyst B. cervical carcinoma C. nabothian cyst D. cervical myoma
A
Nabothian cyst
20
Q
Which of the following ovarian tumors is associated with GI primary malignancy? A. dysgerminom B. Krukenberg tumor C. Brenner tumor D. struma ovarii
A
Krukenberg tumor
21
Q
Which of the following terms describes a patient who has never been pregnant?
A
nulligravida
22
Q
The normal sonographic appearance of the uterus is:
A
hypoechoic myometrium with hyperechoic endometrium
23
Q
Which of the following would least likely exhibit posterior acoustic enhancement? A. endometrioma B. theca lutein cyst C. parovarian cyst D. ovarian fibroma
A
ovarian fibroma
24
Q
Meig's syndrome does not include \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A ovarian fibroma B. uterine myoma C. ascites D. pleural effusion
A
B. uterine myoma
25
The appropriate method of measuring the endometrium is ________ on a ___________ image ?
AP, sagittal
26
```
Which of the following vessels is also known as the hypogastric artery?
A. ovarian a.
B. internal iliac a.
C. internal iliac v.
D. external iliac a.
```
B. internal iliac a.
27
```
Fluid in the posterior cul de sac is least likely to be associated with
A. ectopic preg.
B. uterine myoma
C. ovarian carcinoma
D. PID
```
B. uterine myoma
28
```
Intermittent echoes seen sonographically at the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder during a pelvic sonogram most likely represent
A. ureteral jet phenomenon
B. side lobe artifacts
C. reverb
D. debris w/i urinary bladder due to UTI
```
A. Ureteral jet
29
Which of the following is not true concerning ovarian teratoma ('dermoid')
A. encountered most frequently after 40 yoa
B. may have a fat-fluid level sonographically
c. may cast an acoustic shadow
D. may produce songraphic "tip of the iceburg" effect
A
30
Which of the following is not true regarding serous cystadenoma?
A. thin walled cyst with few septations
B. cast posterior acoustic shadow
C. may be large with measurements of 15-20 cm
D. may be bilateral
B
31
The left ovarian vein drains into the _________, and the right ovarian vein drains into the _______.
Left renal vein, IVC
32
```
Prominent endometrial echo compex may be seen do to all of the following except
A. hydrometra
B. ovarian granulosa cell tumor
c. endometrial carcinoma
D. endometritis
```
A. hydrometra
33
```
Which of the following ovarian masses does not secrete hormones?
A. arrhenoblastoma
B. theca luten cyst
C. thecoma
D. corpus luteum
```
B. theca lutein cyst
34
```
A fibroid located in the anterior portion of the myometrium would displace the endometrial echoes
A. anteriorly
B. inferiorly
c. posteriorly
D. supeiorly
```
C. posteriorly
35
In a non-stimulated cycle, the maximum normal size of the dominant follicle before ovulation is______________mm
30
36
Benign invasion of the endometrial glands and stroma into the myometrium is
adenomyosis
37
Transvag. imaging can be used for all of the following except
A. "global" look at pelvis due to wide field of view
B. monitoring of follicular growth for infertility patients
C. assess internal contents of an ovarian mass
D. delineate pelvic anatomy in an obese patient
A.
38
```
Clinical and sonographic findings in Stein-Leventhal syndrome do not include
A. menorrhagia
B. infertility
C. string of pearls appearance
D. hirsuitism
```
A. menorrhagia
39
The opening of the cervix into the vagina is the
external os
40
```
The parts of the uterus do not include
A. cervix
B. corpus
C. fundus
D. ampulla
```
D. ampulla
41
Ovulation occurs in a typical menstrual cycle on day ________
14
42
```
Failure of fusion of the ulerian ducts can lead to all of the following except
A. bicornuate uterus
B. uterus didelphys
C. T- shaped uterus
D. arcuate uterus
```
C. T-shaped
43
```
The ligament which attaches the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall and transits the ovarian vessels is
A. Broad lig
B. infundibulopelvic lig
C. ovarian lig
D. gubernaculum
```
B. infundibulopelvic lig
44
```
Which of the following pelvic muscles is routinely imaged on pelvic sonography?
A. levator ani m
B. piriformis m
C. coccygeus m
D. quadratus luborum m
```
a. levator ani
45
```
Locations of uterine fibroids do not include
a. cervical
B. submucous
C. interstitial
D. tubal
```
D. tubal
46
The hormone responsible for proliferation of the endometrium is
estrogen
47
```
Indications for saline infusion sonohysterography do not include
A. active PID
B. infertility
C. Asherman's syndrome
D. suspected septate uterus
```
A. active PID
48
Sonographic characteristics of endometriomas include all of the following except
A. Solid ovarian mass with calcification
B. complex ovarian mass with thick irregular walls
C. cystic ovarian mass with posterior acoustic enhancement
D. duffusely echogenic adnexal mass with posterior enhancement
A solid ovarian mass with calcification
49
```
An 80 year old patient presents for sonographic evaluation for vaginal bleeding. which of the following is most important to obtain?
A. bilateral ovarian measurement
B. transverse uterine diameter
C. Doppler evaluation of radial ateries
D. endometrial thickness measurement
```
D. endometrial thickness measurement
50
The gutters at the top of the vagina, which surround the cervix, are the
fornices
51
The beginning of menses is know as
Menarche
52
Days 6-13 in the ovary are which ovarian phase
follicular
53
```
The broad ligaments are best demonstrated sonographically
A. in a transverse plane
B. with overdistention of the bladder
C. with transvag. sonography
D. in the presence of ascites
```
D. in the presence of ascites
54
The most dependant recess in the body is the
pouch of douglas
55
```
Which of the following ovarian mass does not secrete hormones?
A. corpus luteum
B. arrhenoblastoma
C. theca lutein cyst
D. thecoma
```
C. theca lutein cyst
56
While scanning a 14 year old patient who has not yet reached menarche, a distended vagina is seen, filled with low level echoes. This sonographic appearance most likely represents ________, secondary to ___________
A. urine filling vagina, pubertal incontinence
B. pyocolpos, infection
C. hematocolpos, imperforate hymen
D. Gartner's duct cyst, residual Wollfian duct remnants
C. hematocolpos, imperforate hymen
57
```
Serial sonograms are requested for a patient on Perganol. On day 27 of the cycle, multiple large septated cysts are seen bilaterally. This ovarian finding most likely represents
A. theca lutein cysts
B. corpus luteal cysts
C. bilateral TOA's
D. ectopic preg
```
A. theca lutein cysts
58
Doppler can be useful in GYN sonographic exam for all of the following except
A. id of vessels from surrounding structures
B. id of ovarian torsion
C. recognition of patterns consistent with ovarian malignancy
D. ovulation prediction
D. ovulation prediction
59
The most common tumor of the female pelvis is
myoma
60
```
Which of the following is a gonadotropic hormone?
A. progesterone
B. estrogen
c. testosterone
D. luteinizing hormone
```
D. luteinizing hormone
61
The endometrium appears thickest during the __________ portion of the menstrual cycle
secretory
62
```
Increased serum estrogen levels clinically can be associated with all of the following songraphic findings except
a. thickened endometrium
B. ovarian mass
C. multiple ovarian follicles
D. hydrosalpinx
```
D. hydrosalpinx
63
A blood test used to screen for ovarian cancer is
CA-125
64
```
Functions of the ovary do not include
A. production of mature ova
B. secretion of estrogen
C. secretion of progesterone
D. secretion of hCG
```
D. secretion of hCG
65
The dominant hormone in the luteal phase of the ovary is
progesterone
66
When examining a patient referred for "lost IUD string" it would be possible to see which of the following sonographicaly
A. nrmal endo without evidence of IUD
B. uterine perforation by IUD
C. IUD properly situated in uterine fundus
D. all the above
D All the above
67
```
If a mucinous ovarian malignancy ruptures, it could lead to the development of
a. liver metastasis
B. endometriosis
C. pseudomyxoma peritonel
D. peritonitis
```
C. pseudomyxoma peritonel
68
Which of the following is not true regarding management of the transducer for transvaginal sonography
A. transducer insertion may be by the sonographer, physician or patient
B. transducer should be covered by a condom with acoustic gel placed inside of the cover
C. transducer should be heat sterilized after exam
D. lubricating gel should be placed on the outside of the transducer cover prior to insertion
C.transducer should be heat sterilized after exam
69
```
Which of the following ovarian pathologies would least likely be bilateral
A. dermoid
B. theca lutein cyst
C. follicular cyst
D. polycystic ovary disease
```
follicular cyst
70
The proportions of the uterine body and fundus to the uterine cervix in the adult are
2/3 body/fundus, 1/3 cervix
71
The hormone responsible for the final maturation of the follicle and for ovulation is
LH
72
The most common pelvic mass encountered during pregnancy is
corpus luteal cyst
73
```
In a patient complaining o fpelvic pain, fever and an increased WBC, a complex mass would most likely represent
A. endometrioma
B. pyosalpinx
C. TOA (tubo ovarian abcess)
D. teratoma
```
C TOA
74
```
A patient who has never had a menstrual period is said to have
A. menopause
B. precocious puberty
C. primary amenorrhea
D. secondary amenorrhea
```
C. primary amenorrhea
75
```
A fibroid is sonographically indistiguishable from
A. leiomyosarcoma
B. nabothian cyst
C. adenomyosis
D. endometrial carcinoma
```
A. leiomyosarcoma
76
```
Which stage of endometriosis involves the ovaries?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
```
D. 3
77
```
Prominent endometrial echo complex may be seen due to all of the following except
A. hydrometra
B. ovarian granulosa cell tumor
C. endometrial carcinoma
D. endometritis
```
A. hydrometra
