Fetal Circulation Flashcards
________ and _______ sections are used to evaluate the fetal thorax and fetal breathing movements and the overall size and shape.
Axial
Coronal
The fetal _______ should occupy approximately one third of the thoracic cavity.
heart
The fetal heart is located in the ________ part of the chest with the apex pointing to the _______.
anterior
left
The _______ are deflated during fetal life and appear as ______, _________ structures, and slightly more echogenic in the liver.
lungs
solid
homogeneous
When is the optimal time to evaluate the fetal heart.
Between 18 and 24 weeks gestation.
Its useful in diagnosing:
Structural heart abnormalities Fetal arrhythmias Coarctation of the aorta Cardiomegaly Focal masses Pericardial Effusion
Oxygenated blood from the placenta and the mother enters the fetus through the _______, ________.
single
umbilical vein
All veins pre and poste natally blow back to the _____ of the heart.
right atrium
In prenatal life, this oxygenated blood is shunted from the right artrium to the left atrium via the patent ____________.
foramen of ovale
From the _______ of the heart, the blood flows into the left ventricle and then out through the aorta.
left atrium
From the aorta, the fetal ____ vessels are feed first including the _______ vessels.
intracranial
carotid
True or False. Does blood always go from the right atrium to the right ventricle.
True
In the fetus this is _____ blood because the veins of the fetus go back to the right atrium.
mixed
From the right atrium, some ________ blood is pumped then into the right ventricle and out through the ___________.
deoxygenated
pulmonary artery
True or False. The fetal lungs have oxygen.
False. The lungs have no oxygen.
What is the shunt called that goes from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
Ductus arteriosus
How does the blood flow through the fetal heart?
- 60% of right atrial blood passes through the foramen ovale into the left atrium of the heart and eventually into the left ventricle
- Then followed by the brain
- Then followed by the lower extremities.
_____ of the right atrial blood enters the right ventricle from the right atrium.
40%
____ of main pulmonary artery blood bypasses the lungs and goes into systemic circulation via the ductus arteriosus.
92%
Only _______ of right ventricular blood actually reaches the lungs. The small amount helps the lungs to develop prenatally.
8%
From the _______, blood goes to the fetal abdomen and lower extremities and, eventually, the partially deoxygenated blood goes out back to the mother through the paired umbilical arteries.
Aorta
The ___ ____ ______ of the heart is the single most important image of the fetal heart.
four chamber view
**Done with all level I ultrasound of the fetus.