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Repro > Gyne > Flashcards

Gyne Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the uterus

A

Thick-walled, hollow, distensible muscular organ

Location of embryo and fetus development

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2
Q

Describe the fundus of the uterus

A

Rounded superior portion between uterine horns

Farthest away from vaginal opening

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3
Q

What part of the uterus is the rounded superior portion between uterine horns and is farthest away from vaginal opening?

A

Fundus

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4
Q

Describe the ratios of uterus to cervix in a female life

A

After birth, female infant has uterus with 2/3 body to 1/3 cervix due to maternal hormonal influence
Postpartum, 1/2 body to 1/2 cervix ratio
During puberty, body returns to 2/3 to 1/2 cervix
At menopause, returns to 1/2 to 1/2 ratio

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5
Q

When is the ratio for the uterus 2/3 body to 1/3 cervix?

A

Infant after birth

Puberty

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6
Q

When is the uterus ratio 1/2 body to 1/2 cervix?

A

Postpartum

Menopause

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7
Q

Describe uterine horns

A

Superolateral region on uterus

Entrance points for uterine tubes

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8
Q

What are the superolateral regions of the uterus and are the entrance points for uterine tubes?

A

Uterine horns

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9
Q

What is the uterine cavity?

A

Internal space in body of uterus

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10
Q

What is the internal space in body of uterus?

A

Uterine cavity

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11
Q

What is the internal os of the uterus?

A

Passage from uterine cavity to cervical canal

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12
Q

What allows passage from uterine cavity to cervical canal?

A

Internal os of the uterus

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13
Q

Describe the isthmus of the uterus

A

Tapering region superior to cervix

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14
Q

What is the tapering region of the uterus that is superior to the cervix?

A

Isthmus of uterus

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15
Q

Describe the cervix

A

Cylindrical, narrow inferior region

Protrudes into uppermost vagina

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16
Q

What is the cylindrical, narrow inferior region of the uterus that protrudes into uppermost vagina?

A

Cervix

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17
Q

Where is the supravaginal part of the cervix?

A

Between isthmus of uterus and vaginal part of cervix

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18
Q

What part is between the isthmus of the uterus and the vaginal part of the cervix?

A

Supravaginal part of cervix

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19
Q

What is the vaginal part of the cervix?

A

Part of cervix that extends into uppermost vagina

Surrounded by fornix

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20
Q

What part of the cervix extends into upper most vagina and is surrounded by fornix?

A

Vaginal part of cervix

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21
Q

Describe the cervical canal

A

Small fusiform space in cervix of uterus

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22
Q

What is the small fusiform space in cervix of uterus?

A

Cervical canal

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23
Q

What is the external os of the uterus?

A

Inferior opening of cervical canal into vagina

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24
Q

What is the inferior opening of cervical canal into vagina?

A

External os of uterus

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25
Q

What are the layers of the uterine wall, outer to inner?

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

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26
Q

What is the outer layer and serous coat of peritoneum on the uterine wall?

A

Perimetrium

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27
Q

What is the perimetrium?

A

Outer layer

Serous coat of peritoneum

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28
Q

What is the myometrium?

A

Middle muscular layer

Most vascular layer

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29
Q

What is the middle muscular layer and most vascular of the uterine wall?

A

Myometrium

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30
Q

What is the endometrium?

A

Inner mucous layer

Closely adherent to myometrium

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31
Q

What layer of the uterine wall is the inner mucous layer and closely adherent to myometrium?

A

Endometrium

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32
Q

What is a hysterectomy?

A

Excision of the uterus through anterior abdominal wall or vagina

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33
Q

What is an excision of uterus through anterior abdominal wall or vagina?

A

Hysterectomy

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34
Q

What is the round ligament of the uterus?

A

Fibrous remnant of inferior part of ovarian gubernaculum

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35
Q

What is the fibrous remnant of the inferior part of the ovarian gubernaculum?

A

Round ligament of the uterus

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36
Q

Where does the round ligament of the uterus travel?

A

Extends from lateral uterus

Through mesometrium of labia majora via inguinal canal

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37
Q

What extends from the lateral uterus, through mesometrium to labia majora via inguinal canal?

A

Round ligament of the uterus

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38
Q

What is the thick-walled, hollow, distensible muscular organ that is the location of embryo and fetus development?

A

Uterus

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39
Q

What is the ligament of the ovary?

A

Fibrous remnant of the superior part of the ovarian gubernaculum

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40
Q

What is the fibrous remnant of the superior part of the ovarian gubernaculum?

A

Ligament of the ovary

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41
Q

Where does the ligament of the ovary travel?

A

Extends from lateral uterine wall to ovary through mesometrium

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42
Q

What extends from the lateral uterine wall to ovary through mesometrium?

A

Ligament of ovary

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43
Q

What do the uterine tubes do?

A

Convey oocytes from ovary to uterus

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44
Q

What convey oocytes from ovary to uterus?

A

Uterine tubes

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45
Q

Describe the infundibulum of the uterine tube

A

Funnel-shaped distal end open to peritoneal cavity near ovaries

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46
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the funnel-shaped distal end open to the peritoneal cavity near the ovaries?

A

Infundibulum

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47
Q

What is the abdominal ostium?

A

Opening that leads from peritoneal cavity to infundibulum of uterine tube

48
Q

What is the opening that leads from peritoneal cavity to infundibulum of uterine tube?

A

Abdominal ostium

49
Q

What are fimbriae of the uterine tube?

A

finger-like projections from end of infundibulum over ovaries

50
Q

What are finger-like projections from end of infundibulum over ovaries?

A

Fimbriae of uterine tube

51
Q

What is the ovarian fimbria?

A

One long infundibular fimbria that attaches to superior end of ovary

52
Q

What is the one long infundibular fimbria that attaches to the superior end of ovary?

A

Ovarian fimbria

53
Q

What is the ampulla of the uterine tube?

A

Longest portion

From infundibulum to isthmus of uterine tube

54
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the longest and extends from infundibulum to isthmus?

A

Ampulla of uterine tube

55
Q

What is the isthmus of the uterine tube?

A

Thick-walled portion which enters uterus horn

56
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the thick-walled portion that enters the uterus horn?

A

Isthmus of the uterine tube

57
Q

What is the uterine part of the uterine tube?

A

Short segment which passes through uterine wall

58
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the short segment that passes through the uterine wall?

A

Uterine part of the uterine tube

59
Q

What is the uterine ostium?

A

Opening that leads from uterine tube to uterine cavity

60
Q

What is the opening that leads from uterine tube to uterine cavity?

A

Uterine ostium

61
Q

Describe ligation of the uterine tubes

A

Done either abdominally or laprascopically though umbilicus and involves ligating uterine tubes so the oocytes never reach uterine cavity

62
Q

What are the ovaries?

A

Small, almond-shaped glands suspended by mesovarium

Responsible for production and expulsion of oocytes

63
Q

What are the small, almond-shaped glands suspended by mesovarium that are responsible for the production and expulsion of oocytes?

A

Ovaries

64
Q

Describe the vagina

A

Musculomembranous tube from cervix of uterus to vestibule of vagina
Between labia minora
Normally a collapsed tube except at superior most part that surrounds cervix of uterus

65
Q

What is the musculomembranous tube from cervix of uterus to vestibule of vagina between labia minora that is normally a collapsed tube except at superior most part that surrounds the cervix of the uterus?

A

Vagina

66
Q

What is the perineum of the female?

A

Shallow external compartment that contains female external genitalia or pudendum (vulva)

67
Q

What is the shallow external compartment that contains female external genitalia or pudendum (vulva)?

A

Perineum

68
Q

What is the mons pubis?

A

Rounded, fatty prominence anterior to pubic symphysis

69
Q

What is the rounded, fatty prominence anterior to pubic symphysis?

A

Mons pubis

70
Q

What is the pudendal cleft?

A

Anterior slit between labia majora

71
Q

What is the anterior slit between labia majora?

A

Pudendal cleft

72
Q

What are the labia majora?

A

Prominent skin folds

Protect external urethral and vaginal orifices

73
Q

What are the prominent skin folds that protect external urethral and vaginal orifices?

A

Labia majora

74
Q

What is the anterior labial commissure?

A

Junction of right and left labia majora

Anterior to angle of clitoris

75
Q

what is the junction of right and left labia majora and is anterior to angle of clitoris?

A

Anterior labial commissure

76
Q

What is the posterior labial commissure?

A

Posterior limit of pudendum
Overlies perineal body
Usually not present after first vaginal birth

77
Q

What is the posterior limit of the pudendum that overlies the perineal body and is usually not present after first vaginal birth?

A

Posterior labial commissure

78
Q

What are the labia minora?

A

Folds of fat-free, hairless skin enclosed within pudendal cleft and labia majora
Surround vestibule of vagina

79
Q

What are the folds of fat-free, hairless skin enclosed within pudendal cleft and labia majora and surround vestibule of vagina?

A

Labia minora

80
Q

What is the frenulum (Fourchette) of labia minora?

A

Small posteriorly located transverse mucosal fold

Exists pre-sexual activity

81
Q

What is the small posteriorly located transverse mucosal fold that exists pre-sexual activity?

A

Frenulum (Fourchette) of labia minora

82
Q

What is the clitoris?

A

Erectile organ that extends from anterior junction of labia minora posteriorly to pubic symphysis
Branches into two crura

83
Q

What is the erectile organ that extends fro anterior junction of labia minora posteriorly to pubic symphysis and branches into two crura?

A

Clitoris

84
Q

What is the glans clitoris?

A

Distal anterior projection of clitoris

85
Q

What is the distal anterior projection of the clitoris?

A

Glans clitoris

86
Q

What is the angle of the clitoris?

A

At the pubic symphysis

Bend in the clitoris at the junction of the crura and body of clitoris

87
Q

What is the bend in the clitoris at the junction of the crura and body of clitoris?

A

Angle of clitoris

88
Q

Describe the body of the clitoris

A

Comprised of two corpora cavernosa

89
Q

What is comprised of two corpora cavernosa?

A

Body of clitoris

90
Q

What are the crura of the clitoris?

A

Posterolateral projections of corpora cavernosa

Associated with corresponding inferior pubic ramus

91
Q

What are posterolateral projections of corpora cavernosa that are associated with corresponding inferior pubic ramus?

A

Crura of clitoris

92
Q

What is the prepuce of the clitoris?

A

Anterior most junction of the labia minora which travels anterio to and variably covers glans clitoris

93
Q

What is the anterior most junction of the labia minora which travels anterior to and variably covers glans clitoris?

A

Prepuce of clitoris

94
Q

Where do the frenula of the clitoris travel?

A

Posteriorly from clitoris to paired labia minora

95
Q

What travels posteriorly from clitoris to paired labia minora?

A

Frenula of clitoris

96
Q

Where is the suspensory ligament of the clitoris?

A

Extends from pubic symphysis to body of clitoris

97
Q

What extends from pubic symphysis to body of clitoris?

A

Suspensory ligament of clitoris

98
Q

What is the vaginal vestibule?

A

Contains vaginal and external urethral orifices

Between paired labia minora

99
Q

What is between paired labia minora and contains vaginal and external urethral orifices?

A

Vaginal vestibule

100
Q

What is the external urethral orifice?

A

Exit point of urethra

101
Q

What is the exit point of the urethra?

A

External urethral orifice

102
Q

What is the vaginal orifice?

A

Opening of vagina

103
Q

What is the opening of the vagina?

A

Vaginal orifice

104
Q

What is the hymen?

A

Membranous structure surrounding vaginal orifice

105
Q

What is the membranous structure surrounding the vaginal orifice?

A

Hymen

106
Q

What are the bulbs of vestibule?

A

Paired, elongated erectile tissue
Surrounds vaginal orifice
Homologous to bulb and corpus spongiosum of penis

107
Q

What are paired, elongated erectile tissue surrounding the vaginal orifice?

A

Bulbs of vestibule

108
Q

What are greater vestibular glands?

A

Paired glands

Posterior to bulbs of vestibule, on either side of vaginal vestibule

109
Q

What are the paired glands that are posterior to bulbs of vestibule on either side of vaginal vestibule?

A

Greater vestibular glands

110
Q

What do the greater vestibular glands do?

A

Secrete mucus upon sexual arousal

111
Q

What secretes mucus upon sexual arousal?

A

Greater vestibular glands

112
Q

What are the lesser vestibular glands?

A

Paired glands on either side of vaginal vestibule

113
Q

What are the paired glands on either side of the vaginal vestibule?

A

Lesser vestibular glands

114
Q

What do the lesser vestibular glands do?

A

Secrete mucus between external urethral orifice and vaginal orifice, moistening labia and vaginal vestibule

115
Q

What secretes mucus between external urethral orifice and vaginal orifice to moisten labia and vaginal vestibule?

A

Lesser vestibular glands

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