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AKT > Gynaecology > Flashcards

Gynaecology Flashcards

1
Q

Type of ovarian growth most commonly associated with Meig’s syndrome

A

Fibroma

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2
Q

Commonest benign ovarian tumour <25y

A

Dermoid cyst/Teratoma

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3
Q

Most common cause of ovarian enlargement in women of a reproductive age

A

Follicular cyst

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4
Q

Management of mild PMS

A

Sleep, exercise, smoking, alcohol

Small carby meals

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5
Q

Management of moderate PMS

A

New-gen COCP (Yasmin)

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6
Q

Management of severe PMS

A

SSRI (continuous or luteal)

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7
Q

Stress incontinence - 1st line

A

Pelvic floor training >3m

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8
Q

Stress incontinence - 2nd line

A

Surgery

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9
Q

Stress incontinence - 2nd line (declined surgery)

A

Duloxetine

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10
Q

Duloxetine - type of drug

A

SNRI

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11
Q

Urge incontinence - 1st line

A

Bladder retraining >6wks

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12
Q

Urge incontinence - 2nd line

A

Antimuscarinic

oxybutinin, tolterodine, darifenacin

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13
Q

Urge incontinence - drug used in elderly

A

Mirabegron (beta-3 agonist)

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14
Q

Primary dysmenorrhoea - 1st line management

A

NSAID (ibuprofen/ mefenamic acid)

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15
Q

Primary dysmenorrhoea - 2nd line management

A

COCP

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16
Q

Causes of menorrhagia

A 
Dysfunctional/idiopathic
Anovulatory cycles 
Fibroids
Hypoythyroidism
Copper coil
PID
vWD
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17
Q

Mirabegron side effects

A

Severe HTN

Tachycardia

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18
Q

Menopausal >50y - contraception is needed until

A

Amenorrhoeic 12 months

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19
Q

Menopausal <50y - contraception is needed until

A

Amenorrhoeic 24 months

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20
Q

RF for Ovarian Ca

A

BRCA1/BRCA2

Early menarche
Late menopause
Nulliparity

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21
Q

Recurrent vaginal candidiasis

A

> =4 episodes/year

22
Q

Management of recurrent vaginal candidiasis

A

Fluconazole OD for 3 days,

then weekly for 6 months

23
Q

Risk factors for endometrial cancer

A

Obesity

Early menarche, late menopause, nulliparity)

Unopposed oestrogen

Diabetes

Tamoxifen

PCOS

HNPCC

24
Q

Associated with hyperemesis gravidarum

A 
Multiple pregnancy
Trophoblastic disease
Hyperthyroidism
Nulliparity
Obesity
25
Q

Menorrhagia (not requiring contraception) - 1st line management

A

Mefenamic acid 500mg TDS
or
Tranexamic acid 1g TDS

26
Q

When should mefenamic acid/tranexamic acid be started for menorrhagia

A

First day of the period

27
Q

Menorrhagia (requires contraception) - 1st line management

A

Mirena

28
Q

Menorrhagia (requires contraception)- 2nd line management

A

COCP / long-acting progestogen

29
Q

Menorrhagia - acute short-term management

A

Norethisterone 5mg TDS

30
Q

Definition of primary amenorrhoea

A

No menstruation by age 15
or
No menstruation or secondary sexual characteristics by age 13

31
Q

2ww referral criteria for endometrial cancer - refer all:

A

> =55y + postmenopausal bleeding

32
Q

Ovarian cyst seen on US - premenopausal woman

A

Repeat US in 8-12 weeks
+
Consider referral if persists

33
Q

Ovarian cyst seen on US - postmenopausal woman

A

Refer to gynae

34
Q

Factors protective against endometrial cancer

A

COCP

Smoking

35
Q

Causes of cervical ectropion

A

Elevated oestrogen levels:

  • Ovulatory phase
  • Pregnancy
  • COCP
36
Q

Causes of secondary dysmenorrhoea

A 
Endometriosis
Adenomyosis
PID
Fibroids
Copper coil
37
Q

Non-hormonal management of hot flushes in menopause

A

SSRI/SNRI
Clonidine
Gabapentin
CBT

38
Q

1st line medications for vomiting in pregnancy

A

Antihistamine (cyclizine, promethazine)

Phenothiazone (prochlorperazone, chlorpromazine)

‘Xonvea’ (doxylamine/pyridoxine)

39
Q

2nd line medications for vomiting in pregnancy

A

Dopamine receptor antagonist (metoclopramide, domperidone)

5-HT3 receptor antagonist (ondansetron)

40
Q

Most common ovarian cancer

A

Serous carcinoma

41
Q

Smear test is offered 3-yearly to women aged

A

25-49

42
Q

Smear test is offered 5-yearly to women aged

A

50-64

43
Q

HRT: adding progestogen increases the risk of

A

Breast cancer

VTE

44
Q

HRT: adding progestogen decreases the risk of

A

Endometrial cancer

45
Q

Hirsutism in PCOS - 1st line

A

COCP (third-generation or co-cyprindiol)

46
Q

Hirsutism in PCOS - 2nd line or if COCP not appropriate

A

Topical eflornithine

47
Q

Hirsutism in PCOS - 3rd line options (under specialist supervision)

A

Spironolactone
Flutamide
Finasteride

48
Q

Cervical screening - 2nd repeat smear at 24 months is still hrHPV +ve (cytology normal)

A

Refer to colposcopy

49
Q

Cervical screening - from routine recall - hrHP +ve, cytology normal

A

Repeat smear at 12 months

50
Q

Cervical screening - hrHP +ve at routine smear. Repeat smear at 12 months: hrHP +ve, cytology normal

A

Further repeat smear in another 12 months

51
Q

Cervical screening - hrHP +ve at routine smear. Repeat smear at 12 months: hrHP -ve

A

Return to routine recall

52
Q

Cervical screening - hrHP +ve at routine smear and 12 month smear. Repeat smear at 24 months hrHP -ve

A

Return to routine recall

AKT (28 decks)

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