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AKT > Endo > Flashcards

Endo Flashcards

1
Q

Non-drug causes of raised prolactin

A 
Prolactinoma
Pregnancy
Oestrogens
Physiological
Acromegaly
PCOS
Primary hypothyroidism
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2
Q

Drug causes of raised prolactin

A

Metoclopramide, domperidone
Phenothiazines
Haloperidol
SSRIs, opioids

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3
Q

Common adverse effects of sulfonylureas (gliclazide)

A

Hypoglycaemia

Weight gain

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4
Q

Rarer adverse effects of sulfonylureas (gliclazide)

A

Hyponatraemia/SIADH
Bone marrow suppression
Cholestasis
Peripheral neuropathy

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5
Q

Patient on metformin with HbA1c >58

A 
Add second drug:
Sulfonylurea
Gliptin
Pioglitazone
SGLT-2 inhibitor
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6
Q

HbA1c target for T2DM patient on metformin only

A

48

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7
Q

HbA1c target for T2DM patient using lifestyle management only

A

48

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8
Q

HbA1c target for T2DM on sulfonylurea

A

53

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9
Q

Adverse effects of thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone)

A 
Weight gain
Fluid retention
Liver impairment
Fracture risk
Bladder cancer risk
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10
Q

Thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone) contraindicated in

A

Heart failure

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11
Q

GLP-1 mimetic (exenatide) adverse effects

A

Nausea and vomiting

Severe pancreatitis

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12
Q

NICE-Required 6 month outcome to continue GLP-1 mimetic (liraglutide/exenatide)

A

3% weight loss
+
1% HbA1c reduction

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13
Q

Adverse effects of dapagliflozin (SGLT-2 inhibitor)

A

UTI, genital infection
Normoglycaemic ketoacidosis
Lower limb amputation

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14
Q

Impaired glucose tolerance

A

Fasting glucose <7
and
OGTT 7.8 - 11.1

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15
Q

Impaired fasting glucose

A

Fasting glucose 6.1 - 7.0

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16
Q

Criteria to continue Orlistat for weight loss

A

> 5% weight loss at 3 months

17
Q

1st line management of hirsutism

A

Hair removal/cosmetics

18
Q

Hirsutism - 2nd line/if bothersome

A

Ethinylestradiol-containing COCP containing ethinylestradiol

19
Q

Dianette

A

Cyproterone acetate + ethinylestradiol

20
Q

Hirsutism medical management - facial / hormones C.I.

A

Topical eflornithine

21
Q

Hyponatraemia - admit urgently if:

A

Symptomatic

Severe <125

AKT (28 decks)

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