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m2 CA2 > gynae patho (incomplete, summarised version) > Flashcards

gynae patho (incomplete, summarised version) Flashcards

1
Q

Name some organisms commonly involved in female genital infections

A

Herpes
HPV
Molluscum congatiosum
Chlamydia trachomatis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Trichomonas
Candida

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2
Q

when do we do chromosomal analysis for spontaneous abortion?

A
  • habitual or recurrent abortions (spontaneous sequential loss of 3 or more pre-viable pregnancies)
  • malformed fetus
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3
Q

morphological features of adenomyosis (ectopic endometrial deposits in the myometrium)

A
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4
Q

sources of infection of placenta

A
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5
Q

what are the systemic morphological pathologies of toxemia of pregnancy

A
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6
Q

staging of choriocarcinoma

A
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7
Q

what are the different types of ovarian surface epithelial tumours + histology

A
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8
Q

what is adenomyosis

A
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9
Q

pathogenesis of cervical neoplasia

A
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10
Q

what are the malignant neoplasms of the vulvar

A

vulvar in-situ neoplasia (VIN)
squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
paget’s disease of vulva

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11
Q

pathogenesis of complete hydatidiform mole (aka androgenetic mole)

A
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12
Q

what are the histologic features of endometrial carcinoma

A
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13
Q

what HPV serotypes are at higher risk for development of cervical cancer

A
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14
Q

key difference between complete and partial hydatidiform moles

A
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15
Q

what are sertoli-leydig cell tumours

A

rare mesenchymal tumour of low grade malignant potential which resembles embryonic testes

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16
Q

what are corpus luteal cysts

A
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17
Q

morphological features of granulosa cell tumour

A
  • gross: large, focally cystic to solid
  • histology:
    yellow areas of lipid laden luteinised cells
    follicular pattern (call-exner bodies)
    cleaved, elongated nuclei (coffee bean)
    strong positivity for inhibin
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18
Q

what is pelvic inflammatory disease

A
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19
Q

symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease

A
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20
Q

what are the complications of toxemia of pregnancy

A
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21
Q

modes of spread of malignant ovarian neoplasms

A
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22
Q

what is an adenomatoid tumour

A
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23
Q

what are the macroscopic forms of adenomyosis which may occur

A
  • diffuse (more common): deposits are confined to inner part of myometrium; foci of endometrium often brownish in colour
  • localised: resembling fibroid but with brownish foci
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24
Q

what is krukenberg tumour

A
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25
Q

what is a hydatiform mole

A
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26
Q

what is placenta previa

A
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27
Q

which are the different cells in the ovaries which ovarian neoplasms can arise from

A
28
Q

what are the infertiliy investigations which can be conducted

A
  • hormonal assay: gonotrophic, progesterone, estrogen
  • endometrial sampling
  • laproscopy of fallopian tube
  • hysteroscopy of endometrial cavity
  • hysterosalpingography: injection of dye to see patency
29
Q

what is meig’s syndrome

A
30
Q

what are endometrioid ovarian tumours

A
31
Q

what are the predisposing factors to ectopic pregnancy

A
32
Q

what are the consequences of abruptio placentae

A
33
Q

symptoms and complications of endometrial leiomyomas

A
34
Q

HPV features

A
35
Q

what is an ectopic pregnancy

A
36
Q

what are the non-neoplastic ovarian cysts

A
37
Q

features of complex hyperplasia

A
38
Q

what is pyosalpinx and symptoms and complications of pyosalpinx

A
39
Q

what are the symptoms and complications of endometriosis

A
40
Q

which are the histological types of sex cord/stromal tumours

A
  • fibroma: stromal tumours with fibroblasts
  • thecoma: stromal tumours with plump spindle cells with intracellular lipid droplets
41
Q

what is toxemia of pregnancy

A
42
Q

what are the symptoms of toxemia of pregnancy

A
43
Q

when does toxemia of pregnancy usually occur

A
44
Q

what are the acute placental changes in toxemia of pregnancy

A
45
Q

what is an invasive mole

A

hydatiform mole in which hydropic villi invades the myometrium or blood vessels

Recall that invasive mole & choriocarcinoma are complications of hydatiform mole

46
Q

what is a polycystic ovary

A
47
Q

what are the complications of ectopic pregnancy

A
48
Q

what is vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) caused by

A
49
Q

what is a teratoma

A

a tumour composed of tissues representing 2-3 germ layers

50
Q

histologic features of endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumour

A
51
Q

cyst adenoma -> boderline tumour -> type I: low grade serous, mucinous, endometriod -> type II: high grade serous

A
52
Q

morphologic features of clear cell ovarian adenocarcinomas

A
53
Q

what are the risk factors for cervical neoplasia

A
54
Q

PID commonly associated with ectopic/tubal pregnancy and infertility

A
55
Q

what are the 2 groups of endometrial carcinoma

A
56
Q

clinical features of ectopic pregnancy

A
57
Q

how to differentiate between partial and complete hydatidiform mole

A
58
Q

diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy

A
59
Q

what is placenta accreta

A
59
Q

what is placenta accreta

A
60
Q

progression of placenta accreta and potential complications

A
61
Q

what predisposes a woman to the development of clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) of the vagina

A
62
Q

definition of spontaneous abortion

A
63
Q

what is endometriosis

A
64
Q

what are the complications of hydatidiform mole

A

m2 CA2 (22 decks)

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