GIT Flashcards
What can occur in the oral cavity?
Inflammations
- viruses: HSV, hand-foot-mouth disease
- bacteria
- fungi: candida albicans
Oral Ulcers
- Apthous ulcers (canker sores)
Neoplasms and Pre-cancerous conditions
- Leukoplakia: thickened keratotic hyperplastic mucosa with dull whitish appearance
–> cannot be scraped off
–> present in oral cavity for no reason
–> 5-25% pre-cancerous
* differential diagnosis of leukoplakia: candidiasis, lichen planus
- Erythroplakia: red velvety area
Tumours of Squamous Epithelium
Benign: Squamous Cell Papilloma
–> warty, cauliflower-like lesions
–> papillary projections of delicate fibrovascular cores surfaced by mature squamous epithelium
–> HPV may be detected
Malignant: Squamous Cell Carcinoma
–> well-differentiated and keratinizing
–> lower lips, tongue, floor of mouth, cheek, palate
–> local infiltration with metastases to neck lymph nodes
Malignant: HPV Positive Squamous Cell Carcinoma
–> caused by HPV
–> minimal keratinization
–> oropharynx and posterior pharyngeal wall
–> better prognosis than HPV negative squamous cell carcinoma
