Growth In Support For The Nazis 1929-33

Question 1

What happened after Stresemann died?

Answer 1

Wall Street Crash - economic disaster in America that caused them to call back the loans

Led to Great Depression in Germany

Many lost hope because Stresemann could no longer fix this since he died

Question 2

What became a very serious issue due to the Wall Street Crash?

Answer 2

Unemployment
By 1932 - 6 million were unemployed

Lead to a lot of homeless people

Question 3

Discuss Müller’s role in fixing unemployment. Successful?

Answer 3

Müller gov was indecisive on wether to increase the unemplyekent contributions
March 1930 - Muller resigned

Failure

Question 4

Discuss Brüning’s role in fixing unemployment. Successful?

Answer 4

Reduced spending + raised taxes

Introduced wage cut and it was denied by SPD therefore Hindenburg used Article 48

By 1931 wages had been cut by 23%

Failure

Question 5

What was Brüning named by the Germans ?

Answer 5

Hunger Chancellor

Question 6

What impact did unemployment have on the Weimar Government?

Answer 6

After the use of article 48 the Reichstag began being less and less used - historians call this the Death of Weimar

Question 7

What happened in September 1930?

Answer 7

Bruning called a general election in the hopes of winning a majority in the Reichstag

Nazis - 107
SPD - 143
Bruning - 68

Lack of seats lead Bruning to rely even more on Hindenburg

Question 8

When did Brüning resign?

Answer 8

May 1932

Question 9

Role of Joseph Goebells in growth in support

Answer 9

Propaganda

He made sure the Nazi message was simple and frequently repeated by using the mass media

Knew how to manipulate large audiences

Question 10

April 1932

Answer 10

Presidential Election

Hitler - 11M
Hindenburg - 18M

Hindenburg was angry that Hitler dared to stand against him

Question 11

Role of financial support in growth of Nazi support

Answer 11

The Nazi Party received funds from leading industrialists

Made the party looks more well put together and stable

Without the financial support the Nazis wouldn’t have been able to do the things done to persuade people

Question 12

Role of SA and communist in increasing support

Answer 12

SA would provide protection in meetings
Disrupt meetings of Nazi opposition
Attacked any opponents to Nazis

This made the opponents look weaker and showed that the Nazis could defeat communism

Question 13

Role of Hitler in increasing support

Answer 13

Helped draw up the 25 Point Programme with Drexler

Powerful and moving speeches

Offered something to all groups (Hitler Youth)

Question 14

When was the General Election? What happened ?

Answer 14

31st July 1932

Nazis won 320 seats - largest party in the Reichstag

Question 15

What happened in the meeting in August ?

Answer 15

Hitler demanded to be Chancellor but Hindenburg refused because he detested Hitler (April elections)

Von Papen became Chancellor

Question 16

What happened at the election in Nov 1932?

Answer 16

Nazis lost a bit of support however still were the largest party in the Reichstag

Question 17

Why did Von Papen resign ? Who was Chancellor next?

Answer 17

Papen couldn’t secure a majority in the Reichstag

Schleicher became Chancellor in December

Question 18

What did Schleicher want to do?

Answer 18

Form a cross front with left and right parties

Question 19

Papen was determined to regain power therefore..

Answer 19

He agreed to lead the Nazi Nationalist Government with Hitler as Chancellor and Papen as Vice-Chancellor

Question 20

What did the public (middle and high class) think of Papen’s and Hitler’s government ?

Answer 20

They thought that they would be able to save Germany from Schleicher’s plans and a a possible communist takeover

Question 22

When did Hitler become Chancellor ?

Answer 22

30 January 1933

Question 23

How did Hitler become Chancellor ?

Answer 23

Papen was able to convince Hindenburg that a coalition got with Hitler as Chancellor would save Germany and bring stability.

Papen said he would be able to control Hitler - “make Hitler squeak”