Growth And Repair Flashcards
What are the five main stages in human growth
Infancy Childhood Puberty/adolescence Adulthood/maturity Old age
What are a persons final mass and height determined by
Inherited information in genes Diet Exercise amount Amount of growth hormone produced Health History of illnesses or disease
Why will diet determine final mass and height
A healthy diet contains:
Protein for muscle growth
Calcium and vitamin D for bone growth
Why will exercise determine final mass and height
Exercise encourages muscle growth and make bones dense and hard
What happens if too much or too little growth hormone is produced
Too much growth hormone results in Giantism
Too little growth hormone results in Dwarfism
Where is human growth hormone produced
What does it do
Produced by pituitary gland in brain
Releases energy for growth from fat stores and stimulates growth of long bones
Describe the growth of a child to an adult
Maximum growth when baby is first born
Slows gradually during childhood
Growth spurt during puberty
No more growth in adulthood
How are babies checked for growth problems
Head circumference,length and weight are measured regularly in first few months and compared with average values
Why is life expectancy longer in 21st century
Fewer industrial diseases(eg. asbestos) for premature deaths
Healthier diets
Understanding of need for healthy lifestyle (exercise)
Better housing conditions (heating and sewage disposal)
Modern treatments and cures for diseases
Problems with increased life expectancy for the elderly
Elderly can suffer from degenerative diseases (arthritis, cancer) May find independent living difficult
May be no one to look after them (small family trend)
Many pensioners have limited income, difficult to maintain healthy lifestyle
Problems with increased life expectancy for society
Hospitals and care homes cater for short term but must consider residential needs of an increasing population
People of working age have to work for longer and pay more taxes to pay pensions of elderly people
Body parts need to be replaced due to disease or trauma
Where do organs usually come from
Dead donors or someone declared brain dead
(Cannot regain consciousness and cannot breathe unaided by a machine)
Some are from living donors who can live without organs such as a kidney
What are rules about organ donation
Organs can only be donated if person is on organ donor register AND if their relatives have given consent
Donated organs must be healthy, right size and age
Tissues have to match with recipients tissues otherwise it sill be rejected
Explain payment and organ donation
It is voluntary
It has been suggested that organs could be paid for to increase availability but this could encourage poor or desparate people to become donors for money
Why must organs be taken quickly from a donor declared dead
Is organs are not taken quick enough they become useless for transplants but it is important to ensure the donor has no chance of survival
