Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SCIENCE B5 > Circulatory Systems And Cardiac Cycle > Flashcards

Circulatory Systems And Cardiac Cycle Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why cant big animals use diffusion

A

Need a circulatory system

Diffusion process is too inefficient to provide materials quickly to respiring cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe an open circulatory system in insects

A

Insect blood not contained in blood vessels but fills up body cavity
The blood circulates slowly, tubes deliver air directly to respiring cells (not tissues)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe closed circulatory system in humans

A

Blood pumped by heart
Moves through blood vessels
Atriums receive blood from rest of body or lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The heart requires food substances for respiration

What delivers these to the heart (ventricles)

A

The coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

single circulatory system

A

Eg fish 🐠
Blood flows around body in single circuit
Heart has TWO CHAMBERS: one atrium and one ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Double circulatory system

A

Eg, humans and mammals
blood flows twice through heart on each complete circuit around the body
HEART HAS FOUR CHAMBERS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe how the double circulatory system uses the left and right chambers to pump blood around the body

A

One circuit:
deoxygenated blood pumped from RIGHT side of heart to lungs

Other circuit:
Oxygenated blood pumped from LEFT side of heart to respiring cells in body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is blood under higher pressure in a double circulatory system

A

Materials are transported quicker around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe Galen’s theory about the heart

A

Thought blood flowed like a tide between liver and heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe Harvey’s discoveries about the heart

A

Showed heart pumped blood around body through blood vessels

Found arteries carried blood under high pressure away from heart and veins had valves to prevent backflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What causes blood to move around the body

A

Contraction of heart moves blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the process of heart being supplied with glucose and oxygen by the coronary artery

A

Heart relaxes, blood enters both atria from veins
Atria contract to push blood into ventricles,opening atrioventricular valves
Ventricles contract from bottom pushing blood into arteries
Semi-lunar valves open and atrioventricular valves are forced to close as blood tries to flow backward into the atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the surge of blood known as the heart beat

A

When ventricles contract, blood is under pressure and sent to arteries in a surge of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pressure of blood changes as it travels through blood vessels

Where is it under high pressure?

A

Blood is under high pressure as it flows through arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pressure of blood changes as it travels through blood vessels

Where is it under mid pressure?

A

Blood pressure is medium when passing through capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pressure of blood changes as it travels through blood vessels

Where is it under low pressure?

A

Pressure of blood is lowest in veins that return blood to heart

17
Q

Describe blood flow changes during exercise in the brain, heart and muscles

A

Brain blood flow remains the same
Muscle blood flow increased, more glucose and oxygen for respiartion
More blood passes through heart each minute

18
Q

What is heartbeat controlled by (cells)

How do they work

A

Pacemaker cells produce small electrical impulses rhythmically which spread across the heart muscle, causing it to contract

19
Q

Why does heart rate speed up in response to exercise

A

In order to supply oxygen and glucose to respiring muscles more efficiently

20
Q

What can be done if pacemaker cells fail

A

Artificial pacemaker transplanted into chest and wired to keep heartbeat regular

21
Q

What two methods can monitor and diagnose problems with the heart

A

Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitors electrical impulses from heart

Echocardiogram uses ultrasound to produce an image of beating heart

22
Q

Why do some (small) animals eg, insects not need a circulatory system

A

Rely on diffusion to supply oxygen and nutrients to all parts of their body

23
Q

Sinoatrial node (SAN)

A

Sinoatrial node (SAN) produces impulses that spread across the atria making them contract

24
Q

Atrioventricular node (AVN)

A

Atrioventricular node (AVN) relays impulses that spread over the ventricles making them contract

25
Q

What can increase or decrease the pace of the SAN (in order to regulate the heartbeat)

A

Nerves connecting the heart to the brain can increase or decrease pace of the SAN to regulate the heartbeat

26
Q

Where are pacemaker cells located

A

Right atrium

SCIENCE B5 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions