Growth and Lifespan Development Flashcards

1
Q

Which conflict describes this stage of Erikson’s theory?

Age: Infancy
Important event: Feeding
Outcome: Hope

A

Trust vs. Mistrust

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2
Q

Which conflict describes this stage of Erikson’s theory?

Age: Early childhood
Important event: Toilet training
Outcome: Will

A

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

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3
Q

Which conflict describes this stage of Erikson’s theory?

Age: Preschool
Important event: Exploration
Outcome: Purpose

A

Initiative vs. Guilt

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4
Q

Which conflict describes this stage of Erikson’s theory?

Age: School age
Important event: School
Outcome: Confidence

A

Industry vs. Inferiority

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5
Q

Which conflict describes this stage of Erikson’s theory?

Age: Adolescence
Important event: Social relationships
Outcome: Fidelity

A

Identity vs. Role Confusion

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6
Q

Which conflict describes this stage of Erikson’s theory?

Age: Young adulthood
Important event: Relationships
Outcome: Love

A

Intimacy vs. Isolation

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7
Q

Which conflict describes this stage of Erikson’s theory?

Age: Middle adulthood
Important event: Work and parenthood
Outcome: Care

A

Generativity vs. Stagnation

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8
Q

Which conflict describes this stage of Erikson’s theory?

Age: Maturity
Important event: Reflection on life
Outcome: Wisdom

A

Ego Integrity vs. Despair

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9
Q

Adjusting to reality demands by reorganizing, modifying, or expanding existing cognitive structures or schemata

A

Accommodation (Piaget)

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10
Q

The process of taking in a new experience and incorporating it into existing cognitive structures

A

Assimilation (Piaget)

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11
Q

What is the strongest predictor of intellectual disability, with an unknown etiology?

A

Low birth weight

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12
Q

Marcia’s theory:

Stage that reflects low exploration and low commitment.

A

Identity diffusion

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13
Q

Marcia’s theory:

Stage that reflects low exploration and high commitment.

A

Foreclosure

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14
Q

Marcia’s theory:

Stage that reflects high exploration and low commitment.

A

Moratorium

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15
Q

Marcia’s theory:

Stage that reflects high exploration and high commitment.

A

Identity achievement

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16
Q

Piaget’s stage that corresponds to birth until the time of significant language acquisition (around age 2).

Includes object permanence and symbolic representation.

A

Sensorimotor stage

17
Q

Piaget’s stage from age 2 to 7 that is characterized by increased use of symbols and language.

Includes intuitive thinking, egocentrism, phenomenalistic causality, animism, irreversibility, and centration.

A

Preoperational stage

18
Q

Piaget’s stage from age 7 to 11 in which the child can operate and act on real or imagined concrete objects.

Includes operational thought and conservation.

A

Concrete operational stage

19
Q

Piaget’s stage from 11 through adulthood, characterized by the ability to apply operations to abstract concepts in addition to concrete objects.

Includes metacognition.

A

Formal operational stage

20
Q

According to Piaget, a person develops new knowledge based on the foundation of previous learning, and by interacting with objects and events in the environment. This concept is known as _____________.

A

Constructivism

21
Q

This researcher delineated several attitudes and behaviors typical of adolescents, including finding fault with persons in authority, argumentativeness, indecisiveness, hypocrisy, self-consciousness, and a sense of invulnerability.

Personal fable - belief that they are somehow special

Imaginary audience - belief that everyone is thinking the same thing that they are thinking about

22
Q

According to _____, gender role development involves developing conceptual frameworks (schemas) of masculinity and femininity as the result of sociocultural experiences.

23
Q

According to _______, children learn gender-typed behaviors through observing others, receiving reinforcement for gender-consistent behaviors, and being punished for gender-inconsistent behaviors,

24
Q

The tendency for older adults to recall more memories from their adolescence and early adulthood (roughly ages 10-30) than from other periods of their lives.

A

Reminiscence bump