Growth And Development In Plants

Question 1

What is growth?

Answer 1

Growth is the permanent, irreversible, increase in size of cells and organs as a result of cell division, elongation, and enlargement.

Question 2

What is development?

Answer 2

Development is the process of gradual procession from early stage(seed) to a later stage(adult plant) through the process of maturation

Question 3

When is plant development said to occur?

Answer 3

Plant development occurs when growth, morphogenesis, and differentiation take place

Question 4

What is Differentiation?

Answer 4

Formation of tissues With specialised and/or specialised functions.

Question 5

Plant development is dependent on…

Answer 5

The interaction of the inherited genetic material and the envirionment..

Question 6

The entire process of growth and development in plant is carried out by the specialized cells called

Answer 6

Meristematic cells

Question 7

What are the phases of growth in plants?

Answer 7

Meristematic phase/Formative stage
Elongation phase
Maturation phase

Question 8

The root tip of a plant consists of what kind of cells and the zone is called what

Answer 8

Meristematic cells, which are continuously dividing and are isodiametric(with no spave between the cells); Meristematic zone

Question 9

What consists of the meristematic zone,and where are the meristematic cells present?

Answer 9

Rich protoplasm and large conspicuous nucleus.
They are present in the roots and shoots of every plants.

Question 10

In what region do pre-existing cells divide to give rise to new cells, and it is called what?

Answer 10

Meristematic zone; Mitosis

Question 11

Nuclear division and cytoplasmic division are also called..

Answer 11

Karyokinesis and Cytokinesis, respectively.

Question 12

Cells elongate due to…

Answer 12

Enlargement of the vacuole present in the cell, and the zone is called zone of elongation.

Question 13

What takes place In the elongation phase?

Answer 13

Cell enlargement and new cell wall formation.

Question 14

Cell enlargement is made possible by…

Answer 14

Increment in the size of cells
Tissues and organs
Formation of protoplasm
Absorption of water

Question 15

What is De-differentiation

Answer 15

When matured cells divide and differentiate again.

Question 16

What happens in the phase of maturation

Answer 16

It is found as a mass differentiation phase where cells differentiate to perform special functions in the plant.

Question 17

What are the factors that affect plant growth

Answer 17

Temperature
Light
Soil nutrients
Plant growth regulators

Question 18

Explain Imbibition in the process of seed germination

Answer 18

At the beginning stage, the seed takes up water rapidly and this result in swelling and softening of the seed coat at an optimum temperature.

Question 19

What starts the growth process

Answer 19

Activation of enzymes

Question 20

Explain the lag phase in the process of seed germination.

Answer 20

The seed activates its internal physiology and starts to respire and produce proteins and metabolites the stored food.

Question 21

Growth rate is

Answer 21

Increased growth per unit time

Question 22

What is Arithmetic growth rate

Answer 22

This growth is gradual and increases as time increases. Height of a plant and the elongation phase fall into this.

Question 23

What is Geometric Growth rate

Answer 23

The initial growth is slow and it increases rapidly thereafter an exponential rate. The differentiation and maturation phase fall in this growth..

Question 24

What is determinate growth

Answer 24

Growth is determinate when an organ, a part or the whole organism stops growing after reaching a certain size. E.g leaves and flowers

Question 25

What is Indeterminate growth

Answer 25

Indeterminate growth is when an organ or a part or the whole of an organism continues to divide and grow indefinitely.

Question 26

The indeterminate growth and development of plants result in the formation of

Answer 26

Primary Tissues and secondary tissues

Question 27

What are Primary and secondary Tissues

Answer 27

Primary Tissues are tissues involved in the Apical growth of plants. E.g Apical Meristem
Secondly Tissues are Tissues involved in the Lateral growth of plants. E.g Lateral Meristem.