Circulatory System Flashcards
What is circulation
The process or mechanism involved in the movement of nutrients, gases and wastes
What is a circulatory system?
A circulatory system is a network of cylindrical vessels : the arteries, veins and capillaries that emanate from a pump the heart.
Red blood cells are formed in where and the destruction takes place in where
RBCs are formed bone marrow and are destroyed in the liver and spleen.
From which source does the brain get energy
Glucose
Which of the following statements is correct
A. Arteries have thinner walls compared to the veins
B. Pulmonary vein carries oxygen Rich blood from the lungs to the heart
B
In a closed blood circulatory system, three types of blood vessels are present:
A. Arteries: these carry oxygenated blood from the heart to different organs of the body
B. Veins: these carry impure deoxygenated blood from the body organs to the heart
C. Capillaries: these are present in organs, and these are the vessels through which exchange takes place
What are the functions of the pulmonary arteries and the pulmonary veins?
Pulmonary arteries: carries carbon-dioxide rich blood from the heart to the lungs
Pulmonary veins: carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart
What are the functions of blood?
- Distribute heat to the body
- Circulate cell fragments that help stop bleeding
- Maintain Homeostasis (body balance)
- Circulate disease fighting chemicals and cells to the site of infection
- Transport nutrients, oxygen, electrolytes, cellular waste products and hormones
What is open circulatory system?
open circulatory system, found in arthropods, pumps blood into a cavity called a hemocoel where it surrounds the organs and then returns to the heart(s) through ostia (openings). The blood found in arthropods, a mix of blood and interstitial fluid, is called hemolymph.
Closed circulatory system
a closed circulatory system,blood is contained inside blood vessels, circulating unidirectionally (in one direction) from the heart around the systemic circulatory route, then returning to the heart again.
What is pulmocutaneous circulation
A pathway that connects the heart to the lungs then to the skin that allows for oxygenation of blood.
What is systemic circulation?
The pathway through which oxygen Rich blood leaves the heart and go to the cells that need it and returns back to the heart.
Circulatory System in fish
Fish has the most simplest circulatory system In vertebrates. Blood flows from a two-chambered heart (atrium and ventricle). The atrium collects blood that has returned from the body, and the ventricle pumps blood to the gills where gas exchange occurs and blood is re-oxygenated.- This is called Gill circulation
Circulatory System In amphibians
Amphibians have two circulatory routes: one for oxygenation of the blood through the lungs and skin, and the other to take oxygen to the rest of the body. The blood is pumped from a three-chambered heart with two atria and a single ventricle. There is a level of mixing between oxygen-rich blood and oxygen deficient blood in amphibians, thereby leading to less efficiency of oxygen-rich blood.
Therefore,due to the mixing amphibians practice DOUBLE CIRCULATION.
Plasma
The liquid portion, the dominant component of the blood. It contains water, protein, electrolytes, lipids, glucose. This constitutes 55% of human blood.