Growth and Development

Question 1

How much do infants weigh when born

Answer 1

4-10 pounds

Question 2

When does weight double and triple?

Answer 2

First 6 months
End of first year

Question 3

When do the anterior and posterior fontanels close?

Answer 3

12-18
2-3

Question 4

When do toddlers start walking?
When should you refer for a developmental follow up if child is not walking?

Answer 4

11-13 months
Follow up around 18 months

Question 5

Give some examples of toddler toys

Answer 5

NO pincer grasp
Large building blocks
Pull toys
Books

Question 6

How would you describe a a school aged child?

Answer 6

-They are included in peer groups
-More social
-Compete in team sports
-Goes to school

Question 7

What are some things the teacher may notice?

Answer 7

-Squinting of the eyes to see the board (eye exam)
-Developmental delay (dyslexia, attention deficit)
-not writing well
-transposing letters

Question 8

What are some traits of adolescence?

Answer 8

-Risk takers
-Understand the problem but think it will never happen to them.
-Seeking independence
-Acting out in school and getting bad grades

Question 9

What are the first signs of sexual maturity in girls and boys?

Answer 9

Girls: first sign in sexual maturity is developing breast buds.

Boys: testicular enlargement.

Question 10

What are some symptoms of separation anxiety?

Answer 10

Clinging, crying, crying in the middle of the night

Question 11

What are some things to consider when starting solid foods?

Answer 11

Start first with iron fortified cereals

New food should be introduced at intervals of 4-7 days to allow for identification of food allergies

Question 12

Whats the difference between a traditional nuclear family and a nuclear family?

Answer 12

Traditional nuclear family: 2 parents that are married and have their own biological children.

Nuclear family: 2 parents and their children; may or may not be married and their children can be biological, step, foster or adopted.

Question 13

Whats the difference between a blended family and a extended family?

Answer 13

Blended family: 1 parent with biological children married to 1 parent with biological children; can be step siblings, half siblings, foster siblings or adopted.

Extended family: at least 1 parent with 1 or more children and at least 1 or more unrelated/related members living with the family, very common in ethnic groups.

Question 14

Difference between binuclear family and single parent family?

Answer 14

Single parent family: 1 parent with biological, step or adopted children.

Binuclear family: divorced couple that has joint custody, coparenting.

Question 15

What are polygamous and LBGTQ family dynamics?

Answer 15

Polygamous family: not legal in US; multiple wives and husbands.

LGBTQ: same-sex, homosexual family legally married or common law with adopted, foster or biological children.

Question 16

What are the three type of parenting styles and describe them

Answer 16

Authoritarian: control their children behavior and attitudes through unquestioned mandates, “because I said so parent”.

Permissive: total opposite of authoritarian, parent has no control of child actions.

Authoritative: both of the 2, respect individuality, control is firm but consistent

Question 17

Describes Piaget model (age, period, and the goal)

Answer 17

Infant - 24 mos: sensorimotor (goal: object permanence)

Toddler - school age (2 - 7): preoperational (goal: symbolic thought)

School age (7 - 11): concrete operational (goal: operational thought)

Adolescence: formal operational (goal: abstract concepts)

Question 18

Describes Erikson model (age, period, and the goal)

Answer 18

Infant: trust vs mistrust (goal: trust and security)

Toddler: autonomy vs shame/doubt (goal: independence)

Preschooler (3 - 6): initiative vs guilt (goal: self-confidence to take initiative and make decisions)

School age (5 - 12): industry vs inferiority (goal: pride and accomplishment)

Adolescence (12 - 18): identity vs confusion (goal: develop sense of identity)