Growth and Dev II Flashcards
What is interstitial growth?
Growth of soft tissue, or cartilaginous precursor.
What is Directional appositional (periosteum) growth?
Growth of bone
the cartilage in the prenatal skull that is the center of ossification is?
the chondrocranium.
What is endochondral ossification? Sites?
Calcification of cartilage plate into bone.
- Cranial base
- Mandibular condyle
Anterior cranial base is completed at what age?
10
Posterior cranial base is completed at what age?
20
What is the process of mandibular condyle development?
- Layer of fibrocartilage cover surface.
- Cartilage cells proliferate and mature.
- These cells turn into centers of bone ossification.
What is intramembraneous ossification? Sites?
Cell in periosteum directly secrete bone matrix without cartilage intermediate.
- Cranial vault
- Maxilla
- Mandible (except condyle)
At what age in utero do the condyle cartilage and body of mandible fuse?
4 months.
What is the relationship of the chondrocranium and syncondrosis?
Syncondrosis is a remnant of the chondrocranium.
What is cortical shift? Does thickness of bone change?
Deposition of bone on periosteal surface and resorption of bone on endosteal surface resulting in relocation of bone.
Thickness of bone does not change because relocation of bone is equal and balanced.
What is relocation?
Bodily movement of the structure as a result of growth. Every part of the structure is moving the same amount and in the same direction.
With relocation, if anterior is being resorbed, where is bone being deposited?
Posterior.
What is remodeling?
Apposition and resportion of bone in different areas of bone.
What is primary displacement?
Movement of bone to new location as a result of bone growth.
What is secondary displacement?
Movement of bone to new location as a result of displacement of other bones or soft tissue.
Nasomaxillary complex is also known as the?
Midface.
Where does apposition of bones in cranial vault occur?
Occurs at the cranial sutures, and outer and inner surfaces of bones.
What are the 3 synchondrosis found at cranial base?
- Spheno-occipital
- inter-sphenoid
- spheno-ethmoid
What is the passive growth of nasomaxillary complex?
Growth of cranial base pushes maxilla forward.
What is the active growth of nasomaxillary complex?
- Bone apposition at sutures that coneect maxilla to cranium.
- Growth of soft tissue and sinus spaces
- Surface remodeling
- Bone added to maxillary tuberosity.
Bone apposition on the maxillary tuberosity is for what?
Erupting molars.
What is the overall direction of growth of nasomaxillary complex?
Downward and forward.
Displacement of maxilla due to growth of cranial base growth stops at what age? growth potential is in what after this age?
Age 6.
Growth potential is in the ossification of synchodroses after this age.
