Cephalometrics

Question 1

What is the porion anatomic landmark?

Answer 1

Midpoint of the upper contour of external auditory canal.

Question 2

What is the sella landmark?

Answer 2

Center of the hypophyseal fossa.

Question 3

What is the nasion landmark?

Answer 3

Junction of nasal and frontal bones at the most posterior point on the curvature of the bridge of the nose.

Question 4

What is the orbitale landmark?

Answer 4

Midway between lowest point on inferior margin of the two orbits.

Question 5

What is Anterior nasal spine landmark?

Answer 5

Tip of bony anterior nasal spine on maxilla at nasal base.

Question 6

What is the posterior nasal spine landmark?

Answer 6

Tip of posterior nasal spine of palatine bone, at junction of soft and hard palate.

Question 7

What is the A-point?

Answer 7

innermost curvature from maxillary anterior nasal spine to crest of maxillary alveolar process.

Question 8

What is the B-point?

Answer 8

Innermost curvature from chin to alveolar junction.

Question 9

What is the Pogonion landmark?

Answer 9

Most anterior point on the contour of bony chin.

Question 10

What is the Gnathion landmark?

Answer 10

Most anterior inferior point on bony chin.

Question 11

What is the Menton landmark?

Answer 11

The most inferior point on chin, by the mandibular symphysis.

Question 12

What is the Gonion landmark?

Answer 12

Most posterior inferior point on the outline of the angle of the mandible.

Question 13

What is the condylion landmark?

Answer 13

Most superior posterior point on head of mandibular condyle.

Question 14

What is the Frankfort Horizontal Line?

Answer 14

Line connecting porion and orbitale.

Question 15

What is the Sella-Nasion line?

Answer 15

Line from the Sella to nasion. Represents anterior cranial base.

Question 16

What is the nasion perpendicular?

Answer 16

A line perpendicular from the Frankfort horizontal from the nasion.

Question 17

What is the N-A line?

Answer 17

A line from nasion through point A.

Question 18

What is the N-B line?

Answer 18

Line from nasion to point B.

Question 19

What is the SNA angle?

Answer 19

Inferior posterior angle formed by intersection of lines SN and NA is measured.

Question 20

What is the SNB angle?

Answer 20

Interior posterior angle formed by intersection of lines SN an NB.

Question 21

What is the ANB angle and how is it determined?

Answer 21

Difference between angles SNA and SNB. It is NOT determined by direct measurement!!

Question 22

What is the mandibular plane?

Answer 22

Line from Gonion to Gnathion.

Question 23

What is Y-axis?

Answer 23

A line connecting points sella and gnathion

Question 24

What is the interincisal angle?

Answer 24

Internal angle between line through long axis of mandibular and maxillary incisor.

Question 25

What is the occlusal plane?

Answer 25

Line representing plane of level of occlusion of posterior teeth.

Question 26

Nasolabial angle?

Answer 26

Anterior inferior angle formed by intersection of a line tangent to columella of nose and line drawn from subnasale to mucocutaneous border of the upper lip.

Question 27

What is the S-line?

Answer 27

Line connecting midpoint of columella of nose to soft tissue pogonion.

Question 28

What is E-line?

Answer 28

a line tangent to chin and nose for assessment of lip fullness.

Question 29

What is sassouni analysis?

Answer 29

Uses 5 horizontal planes to determine vertical relationship of dentofacial components.

Question 30

What is steiner analysis?

Answer 30

Uses SN line as a reference plane to relate Skeletal, dental, and soft tissue to a norm.

Question 31

What is Wits analysis?

Answer 31

Anterior posterior relationship of skeletal bases.

Question 32

What is template analysis?

Answer 32

Direct comparison of patient with template that were created using data.

Question 33

What is counterpart analysis?

Answer 33

Facial harmony can still be maintained if distinct numbers are "off" together.

Question 34

What is McNamara analysis?

Answer 34

Lengths of midface, mandible, and lower face.