Growth Flashcards
average weight of a UK baby at birth?
3.5kg
another word for the 50th centile on a growth chart?
the average/mean
if 100 people were measured, how many would be within 1 standard deviation of the 50th centile?
68
what is the z score?
number of sd’s away from the mean
have growth charts shifted to the right or left over time?
left
how fast do babies grow a year
20%
what drives a baby’s growth?
nutrition
what drives growth from 3 to puberty?
GH
when should you start measuring height?
2yrs
how fast do children grow per yr?
5cm per yr
if a point is within 1/4 space of the centile line, what is it classed as?
on the centile line
if a point is outwith a 1/4 space of the centile line, what is it classed as?
between centile X + Y
what is a centile space?
the distance between 2 centile lines
average age for a girl to enter puberty?
11
what is precocious puberty
normal pubertal development occurring early
when would a girl be classed as having precocious puberty?
<8yrs
when would a boy be classed as having precocious puberty?
<9yrs
when would a boy be classed as having pubertal delay?
age 14 +
when would a girl be classed as having pubertal delay?
age 13 +
what is thelarche
breast budding
what is adrenarche
body hair and odour
what is the determinant of puberty in girls
breast formation/ thelarche
what is the determinant of puberty in boys?
testicular volume
what testicular volume in a 14yr old boy would indicate pubertal delay?
<14
why do girls with precocious puberty tend to have a higher BMI?
they produce more leptin which is a hormone made from fat
why do boys grow taller than girls?
more testosterone
faster peak height velocity
taller pre-puberty
what to ask in FH for a child with delayed growth?
parental heights
when parents started puberty
main question to ask a child with suspected growth delay?
are you worried about your growth?
what investigations are done into growth delay?
bloods- FH/LSH, growth factors, tesosterone karyotype TFTs bone age dynamic function test MRI brain USS uterus
what is the difference between genetic short stature and constitutional growth delay?
genetic- inherited short stature from parents, normal bone age, no endocrine issue
CGD- late maturation causes it, delayed bone age
are you more likely to be tall or short if you are of a high income?
tall
what child malignancy can cause GH deficiency and why?
CNS as radiation can damage pituitary
