Groups Flashcards
What is the linear perspective
Tuckman and Jennings
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Outline forming
Familiarisation
Social comparisons
Strengthen weakness
Outline storming
Resistance to leader
Rolls and status
Communication
Outline norming
Solidarity
Common goals
Economy of effort
Outline the conceptual model of cohesion
Carron
Personal factors, environmental factors and leadership factors
Team factors
Lead to cohesion and group and individual outcomes
What are the characteristics of cohesion?
Multidimensional - numerous reasons why group stick together
Dynamic - change overtime
Instrumental - group stick together for different reasons
What are the types of cohesion?
Task cohesion - To achieve common goals
Social cohesion - enjoy each other’s company
Leads to attraction to group and group integration
What is the conceptual framework of group effectiveness?
Steiner
Actual productivity equals potential productivity minus faulty processes
What is the Ringleman effect?
Individual effort decreases as groups increases
For example, motivational losses such as such social loathing or coordination losses
What causes social loafing?
Free rider - their effort is unimportant
Minimising strategy - by doing as little as possible
Allocation strategy - save best efforts for when most beneficial to self
Belief effort won’t be recognised
What is the group environment questionnaire?
Measure individual attraction to the group
Individual attraction to the group task
Group social integration
Outline team size
Social cohesion highest for six
ATG tasked decreased from 3 to 6 to 9
Performance best for six worse for nine
Outline role clarity acceptance
Strongly related to task cohesion
Outline teams stability
Teams that have low turnover and more effective
Carron - team cohesion
Increase team identity
Increase social cohesiveness
Clarify team goals
Improve team communication
