Grouped Muscle Actions

Question 1

Intrinsic back muscles

Answer 1

Splenius capitis
Splenius cervicis
Semispinalis capitis
Erector spinae- bilaterally extend spine or flex unilaterally
*Innervated by Dorsal rami*

Question 2

Bilateral Head Extensors

Answer 2

Semispinalis Capitis - deeper and directed vertically
Splenius capitis - above semisplinalis and directed more laterally
Splenius cervicis - more lateral to the splenius capitis
Splenius muscles innervated by Dorsal Rami C1-6
Semispinalis innervated by Dorsal Rami C4-8

Question 3

Elevators of the Scapula

And innervation

Answer 3

Superior fibers of Trapezius - spinal accessory nerve

Levator Scapula - dorsal scapular nerve

Question 3

Depressors of Scapula

Answer 3

Inferior Fibers of Trapezius - Spinal Accessory nerve

Question 4

External Arm Rotators

Answer 4

Teres Minor

Infraspinatus

Question 5

Retractors of scapula

And innervation

Answer 5

Rhomboids (Major and Minor) - dorsal scapular nerve

Middle fibers of Trapezius - spinal accessory nerve

Question 6

Internal Arm Rotators

Answer 6

Pectoralis Major
Latissimus Dorsi
Subscapularis
Teres Major

Question 7

Protractor of Scapula (and innervation)

Answer 7

Serratus Anterior

Innervated by Long Thoracic nerve C5-7

Question 8

Arm Flexors

Answer 8

Coracobrachialis
Biceps
Pectoralis Major
Deltoid

Question 9

Arm Extensors

Answer 9

Latissimus Dorsi
Deltoid
Triceps
Teres Major

Question 10

Arm Abductors

Answer 10

Supraspinatus (1st 15 degrees)

Deltoid

Question 11

Arm Adductors

Answer 11

Latissimus Dorsi
Pectoralis Major
Teres Major
Coracobrachialis
Long Head Tricep

Question 12

Forearm Supinators

Answer 12

Biceps (major supinators*)

Supinator

Question 13

Forearm Protonators

Answer 13

Protonator Teres

Protonator Quadratus

Question 14

Elbow Extensors

Answer 14

Triceps

Question 15

Elbow Flexors

Answer 15

Biceps Brachii,
Brachialis,
Brachioradialis (when arm is semi protonated)

Question 16

Forearm Supinator Muscles

Answer 16

Biceps Brachii (major),
Supinator

Question 17

Forearm Protonator Muscles

Answer 17

Protonator Teres (major),
Protonator Quadratus

Question 18

Wrist Flexors

Answer 18

Flexor digitorum Superficialis,
Flexor carpi radialis,
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris Longus

Question 19

Wrist Extensors

Answer 19

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor Carpi ulnaris

Question 20

Digit Flexors

Be specific with fingers

Answer 20

Flexor digitorum profundus (DIP @ fingers 2-4)
Flexor Pollicis Brevis (thumb)
Flexor Pollicis Longus

Question 21

Digit Extensors

Answer 21

Extensor pollicis longus (thumb),
Extensor pollicis brevis (thumb),
Extensor indicis (2nd finger),
Extensor digitorum (fingers 2-5),
Extensor digiti minimi (5th finger)

Question 22

Digit abductors

Answer 22

Dorsal interrosei (4)
Abductor Pollicis brevis (thumb)
“DAB = dorsal abductors”

Question 23

Digit adductors

Answer 23

Palmar interosseus (3)
Adductor pollicis (thumb)

Question 24

Lateral Thigh Rotators at the Hip (5)

Answer 24

``` Piriformis, Gemellus Superior, Obturator Internus, Gemellus Inferior, Quadratus Femoris “P-Go-Go-Q” ```

Question 25

Medial Thigh Rotators (2)

Answer 25

Gluteus medius, | Gluteus Minimus

Question 26

Hip Abductors (2) (And innervation) Include test for Defect

Answer 26

Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus Innervated by Superior gluteal nerve “Unable to stabilize hip when standing on one leg ~ tilts to affected side”

Question 27

Thigh Extensor at the Hip (and innervation) | Include test for Defect

Answer 27

Gluteus Maximus (Inferior Gluteal nerve) (+) Gower’s test - patient has to lean back to walk

Question 28

Thigh Flexors at the Hip | And innervations

Answer 28

Tensor Fascia Latae - innervated by Superior gluteal nerve Pectineus - innervated by Obturator and Femoral Nerves Illiopsoas - Femoral Nerve

Question 29

Hip Adductors (7) (include innervation)

Answer 29

``` Adductor Brevis, Adductor Longus, Adductor Magnus (extensor part innervated by Tibial nerve) Adductor Minimus, Pectineus, Obturator Externus, Gracilis - most medial “Medial thigh muscles” ~ innervated by Obturator Nerve ```

Question 30

Leg Extensors at the Knee (4) | “Thigh Flexors” (and innervation)

Answer 30

``` Vastus lateralis, Vastus Intermedius, Vastus Medialis, Rectus Femorus “All 4 heads of the quadriceps innervated by Femoral Nerve” ```

Question 31

Leg Flexors at the Knee (3) | “Thigh Extensors” (and innervation)

Answer 31

Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus “Hamstrings innervated by Tibial nerve, except Short head of Biceps femoris: Common fibular nerve”

Question 32

Foot Dorsiflexors (4) at the Ankle (and innervation)

Answer 32

``` Tibialis anterior Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Fibularis Tertius *All ANTERIOR innervated by Deep Fibular Nerve* Mnemonic: “Deep Dorsiflexors” ```

Question 33

Foot Plantar Flexors at the Ankle (and innervation)

Answer 33

``` Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior *All innervated by Tibial Nerve and found in POSTERIOR LEG* Mnemonic: “Posterior Plantars” ```

Question 34

Foot Everters (and innervation)

Answer 34

Fibularis Longus - weak plantar flexion Fibularis Brevis - weak plantar flexion *Both innervated by Superficial Fibular Nerve and in LATERAL LEG* Mnemonic: “Lateral Super Fibs”

Question 36

Foot Inverters (and innervation)

Answer 36

Tibialis Posterior - weak inverter and good plantar flexor | *Innervated by Tibial nerve*