Group & Team Dynamics Flashcards
This refers to two or more people who interact with, and exert mutual influence on, each other
group
This refers to any group of people who interact with each other to accomplish a shared objective
team
Becoming a team is a (blank) process
evolutionary
True or False
A collection of individuals automatically qualifies as a group
False
a collection of individuals is not necessarily a group
(blank) are constantly developing
teams
5 common negative consequences of groups
- social loafing
- self-deception
- conformity
- groupthink
- deindividuation
This refers to the suspension of critical thinking and overreliance on group opinion
groupthink
This refers to an individual’s loss of a sense of their own identity
deindividuation
4 key characteristics of teams
- collective sense of identity
- distinct roles
- structured models of communication
- norms
3 theories of group development
- linear perspective
- cyclical perspective
- pendular perspective
How do groups develop in the linear perspective?
by resolving critical issues that arise at each stage
This person proposed that all groups go through 4 stages as they develop
Bruce Tuckman
Bruce Tuckman’s 4 stages of group development
- forming
- storming
- norming
- performing
What do members typically do in the forming stage?
familiarize themselves with other team members
Members in the forming stage often engage in (blank)
social comparisons
Members in the storming age may exhibit 3 of these behaviors
- resistance to leader
- resistance to the control of the group
- interpersonal conflict
In this stage of group development, infighting is possible
storming
What major change occurs in the norming stage?
hostility is replaced by solidarity and cooperation
In the performing stage, the team focuses on these 3 things
- problem solving
- using group processes
- relationships
True or False
Bruce Tuckman’s 4 stages of group development must be followed chronologically
false
3 stages of group development based on the cyclical perspective
- birth
- growth
- death
The cyclical perspective emphasizes the (blank) phase before group dissolution
terminal phase
True or False
As a group develops, the members psychologically prepare for its own breakup
true
The pendular perspective emphasizes the (blank) occurring in (blank)
shifts occurring in interpersonal relationships
5 stages of group development under the pendular perspective
- orientation
- differentiation and conflict
- resolution and cohesion
- differentiation and conflict
- termination
A group’s structure depends largely on (blank)
the interactions of its members
2 most important structural characteristics that groups must develop
group roles and group norms
These are sets of behaviors required or expected of a person occupying a certain position in a group
roles
These roles are dictated by the nature and structure of the organization
formal roles
These roles evolve from interactions among members
informal roles
4 conditions where role acceptance depends on
- opportunity to use specialized skills/competencies
- feedback and role recognition
- role significance
- autonomy
Role conflict occurs when the role occupant does not have sufficient (blank), (blank), (blank), or (blank)
ability, motivation, time or understanding to achieve that goal
This refers to the standard for effort and performance that is acceptable to the team
group norms
2 main considerations in modifying norms
- source of the communication
- nature of the communication
6 factors that help create an effective team climate
- social support
- proximity
- distinctiveness
- fairness
- similarity
- task interdependence
This refers to the exchange of resources between at least 2 individuals
social support
Social support supposedly enhances (blank)
the wellbeing of the recipient
5 types of social support
- listening support
- emotional support
- emotional-challenge support
- reality-confirmation support
- task appreciation support
2 factors that can enhance team identity
close interactions and similarity of attitudes
Groups who feel distinct have increased feelings of (blank) and (blank)
unity and oneness
(blank) helps develop a team concept
Distinctiveness
This is at the core of trust among and within teams
fairness
This refers to how all members benefit or suffer from the group’s overall performance
task interdependence
Interdependence can help manage (blank)
team conflicts
The formula for actual productivity
potential productivity minus losses attributable to family group processes
This refers to a team’s possible best performance given each member’s ability, knowledge, and skill
potential productivity
What is the most important resource for sports teams?
individual ability
This model predicts that a team will perform better than others given certain circumstances
Steiner’s Model of Actual Productivity
Based on Steiner’s Model of Actual Productivity, a team must possess these 3 things to outperform others
- more ability while experiencing equal process losses
- equal ability but fewer group losses
- more ability and less process losses
2 kinds of losses attributable to faulty group processes
motivational and coordination losses
Motivational losses occur when members (blank)
do not give their 100% effort
Coordination losses occur when (blank) or (blank)
timing between teammates is off or when ineffective strategies are used
Individual skills are (blank) predictors of group performance
only moderately good predictors
Groups must pay more importance to (blank) and less on (blank) to improve performance
more to group processes, less on individual ability
True or False
The closer teammates are in terms of ability, the more likely they are to fully use their combined abilities
true
This refers to the effect wherein individual performance decreases as the number of people in the group increases
Ringelmann effect
True or False
Based on recent literature, increase in group size levels off, and not decreases, group efficiency
true
This refers to individuals within a group or team putting forth less than 100% effort due to motivational losses
social loafing
When is social loafing most evident?
when individual contributions are not identified, dispensable, or disproportionate to the contribution of others
