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INORG CHEM LEC > GROUP III - GROUP V > Flashcards

GROUP III - GROUP V Flashcards

1
Q

the BORON group

A

GROUP IIIA

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2
Q

GROUP IIIA is also known as the

A

TRIELS

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3
Q

GROUP IIIA elements

A

B, Al, Ga, In, Tl

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4
Q

IIIA forms

A

ALUMS

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5
Q

IIIA hydroxides are

A

AMPHOTERIC

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6
Q

elemental form is NEVER EMPLOYED in medicine and pharmacy

A

BORON

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7
Q

Boron is classified as

A

METALLOID

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8
Q

also known as BORACIC ACID

A

BORIC ACID

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9
Q
  • used as DUSTING POWDER or ointment base
  • antiseptic
  • used in preparation of LISTER’S SOLUTION (antiseptic mouthwash)
  • OBSOLETE due to its toxicity
A

BORIC ACID / BORACIC ACID

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10
Q

antiseptic mouthwash

A

LISTER’S SOLUTION

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11
Q

sodium borate is also known as

A

BORAX / SODIUM TETRABORATE

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12
Q
  • BACTERIOSTATIC (inhibits the growth of bacteria) (as eye wash and wet dressing)
  • water-softener (agent used in preventing precipitation of minerals)
A

SODIUM BORATE / BORAX

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13
Q
  • treatment of VINCENT’S ANGINA “trench mouth” (acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis)
  • dentifrice (tooth powder)
A

SODIUM PERBORATE

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14
Q

used in making cooking utensils, instruments due to its lightness, strength, and non-corrosive property

A

ALUMINUM

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15
Q

MOST ABUNDANT METAL IN THE EARTH’S CRUST

A

ALUMINUM

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16
Q
  • antiseptic and astringent
  • used as CATALYST (agent that speeds up the reaction) in organic synthesis (FRIEDEL-CRAFT’S REACTION)
A

ALUMINUM CHLORIDE

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17
Q
  • used as DRY MORDANT (intensifies color)
  • combined with organic dyes to form LAKES
A

ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE

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18
Q

pharmaceutically, aluminum hydroxide is available in the form of

A

GEL

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19
Q
  • colloidal aluminum hydroxide
  • antacid and protective in the TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER
A

ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE GEL

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20
Q
  • available as gel
  • antacid
  • astringent
  • demulcent (provides soothing effect thru a protective film)
A

ALUMINUM PHOSPHATE

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21
Q

ALUMINUM SILICATES

A

KAOLIN
BENTONITE
PUMICE

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22
Q
  • native HYDRATED aluminum silicate
  • ADSOBRENT- used in DIARRHEA due to FOOD POISONING
  • ABSORBENT - ULCERS and MOIST INFECTIONS
A

KAOLIN

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23
Q
  • native COLLOIDAL hydrated aluminum silicate
  • stabilize emulsions
  • suspending agent
  • clarifying agent
  • adsorbent
A

BENTONITE

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24
Q
  • of VOLCANIC ORIGIN, complex silicates of Al, Na, and K
  • used as DISTRIBUTING AGENT
A

PUMICE

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25
Q

surface attachment

A

ADSORBENT

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26
Q

penetrates inside

A

ABSORBENT

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27
Q
  • as solution
  • antiseptic
  • astringent
A

ALUMINUM SULFATE

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28
Q
  • EXCELLENT SOURCE of aluminum hydroxide
A

ALUMINUM SUBACETATE SOLUTION

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29
Q
  • BURROW’S SOLUTION
  • 5% aluminum subacetate solution + glacial acetic acid
  • antiseptic and astringent on skin
A

ALUMINUM ACETATE SOLUTION

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30
Q

Aluminum acetate solution is composed of

A

5% aluminum subacetate solution + glacial acetic acid

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31
Q

the advanced version of the burrow’s solution that is available in the market

A

DOMEBORO

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32
Q
  • potassium (or ammonium) aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate
  • astringent
  • ANTIPERSPIRANT
  • deodorant
  • styptic (prevents bleeding from minor cuts)
  • as flocculant in water purification
A

ALUM

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33
Q

commonly known as tawas

A

ALUM

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34
Q
  • POISONER’S POISON
  • INHERITANCE POWDER
  • colorless, odorless, tasteless
  • traceless poison
A

THALLIUM

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35
Q
  • formerly used in creams as DEPILATORY (agent used in chemical removal of hair)
  • VERY TOXIC
A

THALLIUM ACETATE

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36
Q

these two have LITTLE TO NO medicinal / pharmaceutical importance

A

GALLIUM AND INDIUM

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37
Q

the SCANDIUM GROUP

A

GROUP IIIB

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38
Q

GROUP IIIB elements

A

Scandium and Yttrium

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39
Q

the CARBON group

A

GROUP IVA

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40
Q

GROUP IVA is also known as

A

TETRELS

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41
Q

GROUP IVA elements

A

Carbon
Silicon
Germanium
Tin
Lead

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42
Q

2nd most abundant element in the HUMAN BODY

A

CARBON

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43
Q

different forms of carbon is called

A

ALLOTROPES

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44
Q

types of allotropes

A

CRYSTALLINE
AMORPHOUS

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45
Q
  • one of the HARDEST SUBSTANCES (10 on Mohr’s scale), pure native form
  • colorless, tinted or black crystal
A

DIAMOND

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46
Q
  • SOFT, black shiny solid
  • used in lead pencils
A

GRAPHITE

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47
Q

Graphite came from the greek word

A

GRAPHEIN

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48
Q

GRAPHEIN means

A

to write

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49
Q

3 types of crystalline

A

DIAMOND
GRAPHITE
FULLERENE

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50
Q
  • coal, charcoal, coke
A

AMORPHOUS

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51
Q

the structure of crystalline is

A

ORGANIZED

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52
Q

the structure of amorphous is

A

DISORGANIZED, RANDOM ARRANGEMENT

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53
Q
  • from destructive distillation of PLANT SUBSTANCES
  • adsorptive (absorbs toxins or poisons), treatment of STOMACH OR INTESTINAL DISORDERS
A

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL

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54
Q
  • animal origin (bone), purified by dissolving in HCl and water
  • similar to activated charcoal but LESS ADSORPTIVE
A

PURIFIED ANIMAL CHARCOAL

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55
Q

Purified animal charcoal is purified by dissolving

A

HCl and water

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56
Q
  • use with CAUTION as anthelmintic (kills parasitic worms)
  • main constituent of FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
A

CARBON TETRACHLORIDE

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57
Q
  • solvent in RUBBER INDUSTRY
A

CARBON DISULFIDE

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58
Q
  • carbonic acid gas
  • oxygen gas mixed with 5% CO2
  • carbon dioxide snow (dry ice)
A

CARBON DIOXIDE

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59
Q

carbon dioxide is also known as

A

CARBONIC ACID GAS

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60
Q
  • treatment of poisoning by CO, alcohol, methanol, morphine
A

OXYGEN GAS MIXED WITH 5% CO2

61
Q
  • remedy for SKIN DISORDER (acne, eczema, psoriasis, warts)
A

CARBON DIOXIDE SNOW (DRY ICE)

62
Q

DIATOMACEOUS EARTH

A

PURIFIED SILICEOUS EARTH

63
Q
  • purified kieselguhr, purified tripoli, diatomaceous earth
  • A form of silica (silicon dioxide)
  • absorbent and clarifying agent
  • POLISHING POWDER FOR METALS
A

PURIFIED SILICEOUS EARTH

64
Q
  • silica
A

SILICON DIOXIDE

65
Q

silicon dioxide in crystalline form

66
Q

Quartz with impurities

67
Q

amorphous form of silica

A

AGATE
JASPER
OPAL

68
Q

a mixture of various silicates

69
Q

LEAD SILICATE + SODIUM SILICATE
- CHEAPEST, most common
- used in window panes, bottles, bulbs

A

SOFT GLASS

70
Q

soft glass is made of

A

LEAD SILICATE + SODIUM SILICATE

71
Q

POTASSIUM SILICATE + Mg/Al oxides
- MORE ACID RESISTANT

A

HARD GLASS

72
Q

hard glass is made of

A

POTASSIUM SILICATE + Mg/Al oxides

73
Q

CONTAINS 50% PbO
- LOW REFRACTION, HIGH DISPERSION; used in making lenses for optical instruments

A

FLINT GLASS

74
Q

CONTAINS 10% K2O
- HIGH REFRACTION, LOW DISPERSION

A

CROWN GLASS

75
Q
  • for common bottles
  • classified as “SOFT GLASS”
A

SODA LIME GLASS

76
Q
  • VERY TOUGH, lower coefficient of expansion; used in CHEMICAL GLASSWARE and cooking utensils
  • classified as HARD GLASS
A

BOROSILICATE GLASS

77
Q
  • amorphous and porous form
  • desiccant (drying agent)
A

SILICA GEL

78
Q
  • stimulates formation of RBC and for TREATMENT OF ANEMIA
  • hematinic
A

GERMANIUM DIOXIDE

79
Q
  • resistant to very weak acids and alkalis
  • used for household utensils, chemical apparatus
  • tinplate - iron + tin
80
Q

latin name of Tin

81
Q
  • for STAPHYLOCOCCI INFECTIONS
  • dentrifice
A

STANNIC OXIDE

82
Q
  • as dihydrate - tin salt; used as mordant
A

STANNOUS CHLORIDE

83
Q
  • FUMING SPIRIT OF LIBAVIUS
A

STANNIC CHLORIDE

84
Q
  • ARTIFICIAL GOLD
A

STANNIC SULFIDE

85
Q

latin name of Lead

86
Q

principal primary ore of lead

87
Q
  • plumbing, water pipes
  • making storage batteries
  • paint pigments
  • considered as toxic element
88
Q
  • SUGAR OF LEAD
  • as lotion - astringent
  • as wash - treatment of poison ivy
A

LEAD ACETATE

89
Q

lead affects the ___ of people when exposed to its compounds

A

COGNITIVE FUNCTION

90
Q
  • GOULARD’S EXTRACT
  • extract of saturn
  • astringent, anti-inflammatory
A

LEAD SUBACETATE SOLUTION

91
Q
  • LEAD WATER
A

DILUTED LEAD SUBACETATE SOLUTION

92
Q
  • LITHARGE, lead monoxide
  • used in preparation of lead subacetate solution
A

LEAD OXIDE

93
Q
  • WHITE LEAD
  • paint pigment
A

LEAD CARBONATE / BASIC LEAD CARBONATE

94
Q
  • astringent
  • as pigment: CASSEL’S YELLOW
A

LEAD CHLORIDE

95
Q
  • KING’S YELLOW
A

LEAD CHROMATE

96
Q

TITANIUM group

97
Q

GROUP IVB

A

Titanium
Zirconium
Hafnium
Cesium
Thallium

98
Q
  • sons of earth
  • alloys with steel, used in aircraft, spacecraft, and missiles
99
Q
  • used as WHITE PIGMENT in creams and paints
  • ward off light rays - FOR SUNSCREEN preparations
  • OPACIFYING AGENT in capsule and tablet coatings
A

TITANIUM OXIDE

100
Q
  • antiemetic, especially during EARLY STAGES OF PREGNANCY
A

CERIUM OXALATE

101
Q

NITROGEN GROUP

102
Q

Group VA is also known as

A

PNICTOGENS - to choke

103
Q

GROUP VA

A

Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Arsenic
Antimony
Bismuth

104
Q
  • Mephitic air (Daniel Rutherford)
  • Azote “without life” (Antoinne Lavoisier)
  • 79% by volume in the atmosphere
  • found in nature as CHILE SALTPETER (sodium nitrate)
  • found in soil
  • necessity for development of plants
105
Q

most abundant element in the ATMOSPHERE

106
Q
  • LAUGHING GAS
  • has exhilarating effect when inhaled
  • analgesic and anesthetic
A

NITROUS OXIDE

107
Q
  • ALKALINE AIR
  • colorless gas with STRONG PUNGENT ODOR
  • produced commercially by HABER PROCESS
  • Ammonium hydroxide solution (ammonia water)
108
Q
  • used for refrigeration and manufacture of ARTIFICIAL ICE
A

LIQUID AMMONIA

109
Q
  • STRONGER AMMONIA WATER
  • 27-29% NH3
  • used in manufacture of ammonium salts, nitric acid, fertilizers
A

STRONG AMMONIA SOLUTION

110
Q
  • AMMONIA WATER
  • 9-10% NH3
  • Spirit of Hartshorn
  • Household ammonia
A

DILUTED AMMONIA SOLUTION

111
Q
  • product of destructive distillation of horns of male deer
A

SPIRIT OF HARTSHORN

112
Q
  • for cleaning and washing due to softening and saponifying properties
A

HOUSEHOLD AMMONIA

113
Q

ammonium bromide

114
Q
  • SAL VOLATILE, PRESTON SALT, HARTSHORN
  • reflex stimulant
  • expectorant
A

AMMONIUM CARBONATE

115
Q
  • SPIRIT OF SAL VOLATILE
  • gastric stimulant
  • carminative
  • antacid
A

AROMATIC AMMONIA SPIRIT

116
Q
  • SPIRIT OF MINDERERUS
A

AMMONIUM ACETTAE SOLUTION

117
Q
  • MISTURA PECTORALIS
  • STOKE’S EXPECTORANT
A

EXPECTORANT MIXTURE

118
Q
  • MURIATE OF AMMONIA, SAL AMMONIAC
  • expectorant, diuretic
A

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

119
Q

Phosphorus came from the greek word

A

i bear light

120
Q

a property that phosphorus have that is light emiting

A

PHOSPHORESCENCE

121
Q
  • MOST REACTIVE phosphorus
  • stored under kerosene
A

WHITE PHOSPHORUS

122
Q
  • LESS reactive than white P
A

RED PHOSPHORUS

123
Q
  • obtained by HEATING PI3 with Hg
  • mixed with potassium chlorate to MAKE MATCHES
A

SCARLET PHOSPHORUS

124
Q
  • obtained by heating white P with Na
A

VIOLET PHOSPHORUS

125
Q
  • obtained by heating P with Pb
  • LEAST RAECTIVE
  • MOST stable form
A

BLACK PHOSPHORUS

126
Q
  • colorless, POISONOUS GAS with rotten fish odor
  • product of putrefaction of organic material
  • phosphorescence
  • WILL-O-WISP or IGNIS FATUUS
A

PHOSPHINE PH3

127
Q
  • FLOWERS OF P
  • used for DRYING GASES
A

DIPHOSPHORUS PENTOXIDE P2O5

128
Q
  • ORTHOPHOSPHORIC acid
  • a triprotic acid
  • used as gastric tonic and stimulant
  • diluted form- treatment of Pb poisoning
A

PHOSPHORIC ACID

129
Q
  • burns with BLUISH FLAME: produces arsenic trioxide
  • protoplasmic poison (compounds that destroy all cells) (antidote: dimercaprol or BAL)
  • component of SALVARSAN: used in the treatment of syphilis
130
Q

antidote of protoplasmic poison

A

DIMERCAPROL OR BAL

131
Q
  • EXTREELY POISONOUS
  • formerly used as ALTERATIVE TONIC
  • gradually restore the proper function of the body and increase health and vitality
  • in small doses, appetite stimulant
A

ARSENIC TRIODIDE

132
Q
  • ARSENIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION
  • acidic
A

ARSENIOUS ACID SOLUTION

133
Q
  • FOWLER’S SOLUTION
  • basic
A

POTASSIUM ARSENITE SOLUTION

134
Q
  • also called as Stibium, Kohl, Antimonium
135
Q
  • TARTAR EMETIC
  • emetic, followed by depression
  • depressant expectorant
  • IV: treatment of visceral leishmaniasis - kala azar or black fever
A

ANTIMONY POTASSIUM TARTRATE

136
Q
  • BUTTER OF ANTIMONY
  • mineral butter
A

ANTIMONY TRICHLORIDE

137
Q
  • Wismut, Wissmat
  • Colloidal Bi - antisyphilitic
  • blacks stool : common side effect
138
Q
  • IM: treatment of syphilis
A

BISMUTH POTASSIUM TARTRATE

139
Q
  • basic bismuth carbonate
  • protective, astringent, antiseptic, dusting powder
  • has antacid effect
A

BISMUTH SUBCARBONATE

140
Q
  • basic bismuth carbonate
  • protective, astringent, antiseptic, dusting powder
  • has GREATER astringent effect
A

BISMUTH SUBGALLATE

141
Q
  • basic bismuth nitrate
  • protective, astringent, antiseptic, dusting powder
  • MOST EFFECTIVE ANTISEPTIC
A

BISMUTH SUBNITRATE

142
Q
  • PINK BISMUTH
  • anti-diarrheal
  • relieves stomach upset
A

BISMUTH SUBSALICYLATE

143
Q
  • MILK OF BISMUTH, BISMUTH CREAM
  • similar to bismuth subcarbonate, but LESS EFFECTIVE
A

BISMUTH MAGMA

144
Q
  • BUTTER OF BISMUTH
    • water = pearl white
  • used in manufacture of ARTIFICAL PEARLS
A

BISMUTH TRICHLORIDE

145
Q

VANADIUM GROUP

146
Q

GROUP VB

A

Vanadium
Tantalum

147
Q
  • ERYTHRONIUM
  • RED when heated with acids
  • (rarely) used in treatment o anemia

INORG CHEM LEC (8 decks)

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