Group Flashcards
Dyadic Relationships
Prior 1960 most counseling took place in a dyadic relationship (unit of 2 functioning as a pair, counselor and the counselee)
Group
has a member which can be defined, some degree of unity and interaction, and a shared purpose.
Jacob Moreno
Father of psychodrama.
Coined the term Group Therapy in 1931
ASGP
AGPA
In the 1940s the two organizations for group therapy were created. 1. the American Society for Group Psychotherapy 2. the American Group Psychotherapy Association
Adler
his work has been classified as a preface to the group
3 classification of Groups:
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Primary Groups
- preventing and attempt to ward off problems
- Stress a healthy lifestyle or coping strategies which can reduce the occurrence of a given difficulty
- Example: group which teaches birth control to prevent teen pregnancy
Secondary Groups
A problem or disturbance is present but not usually severe, works to reduce the severity and length of a problem includes aspects of prevention
Example: grief or shyness
Tertiary
Deals with more individual difficulties that are more serious and longlasting
Geral Caplan
- a pioneer in the crisis intervention movement
- father of mental health consultation
Immediacy
relates to the counselor’s ability to convey what is happening between the counselor and the client
Group Norms
govern acceptable behaviors and rules
A shortage of individual therapist during WWII
group therapy flourished in the U.S due to shortage of individual therapist during WWII. Many individuals were plagued with problems, impossible for each person to be treated individually
Group process
the manner in which discussions and transactions occur
Group content
material discussed in a group setting
Group cohesiveness
- refers to the forces which bind group members together
high cohesiveness leads to high group productivity and commitment - when a group displays little or no cohesiveness the group will be viewed as “fragmented”
George Gazda: 4 types of groups
- Psychoeducational: preventive and provide instructions about a potential problem
- Counseling: focuses primarily on conscious concerns - work through interpersonal problems, explore behavioral changes
- Psychotherapy: focus on individual concerns, deal with remediation and more serious pathology, longer duration
- Task groups: accomplishing a specific goal. complete in efficient, effective manner
Structured Exercises
Most experts would agree that structured exercises are less effective than unstructured exercises
Structured
can create a situation where group stages are passed over, can cause the group to lean on the leader for support
Risky Shift Phenomenon
be less conservative than the average group member’s decision, prior to the group discussion, dispels the popular notion that groups are very conservative
T-groups
“Training” focuses on human relation process between personnel in a business setting
Behavioral Groups
highly structured
Trust
Most important trait for group members is the ability to trust
Open groups
- the number of people is more stable
- do not have a predetermined number of session and end date
- disadvantage - new members who begin after the first meeting miss information and experiences