Ground Tissue Function and Composition

Question 1

dermal/ground/vascular tissue

Answer 1

dermal: outer surface

ground: bulk of plant body, includes all tissues that aren’t dermal or vascular

vascular: transport of water, nutrients, hormones, minerals, and macromolecules

Question 2

what does dermal tissue include? what does it do?

Answer 2

epidermis and waxy cuticle protect and prevent water loss

Question 3

what does ground tissue include?

Answer 3

parenchyma
collenchyma
sclerenchyma

Question 4

what does vascular tissue include?

Answer 4

parenchyma
xylem
phloem
cambium

Question 5

xylem can be made of: (4)

Answer 5

parenchyma
sclerenchyma
vessel members (angiosperms)
tracheids (ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms)

Question 6

cortex

Answer 6

ground issue between dermal and vascular

Question 7

pith

Answer 7

ground tissue in vascular cylinder

Question 8

function of ground tissue? made of? their individual functions?

Answer 8

photosyntheis, storage, support

made of:
parenchyma - general purpose cells of plant, alive at maturity
collenchyma - provides flexible support, alive at maturity
scelernchyma - provides rigid support with lignin-reinforced secondary walls, dead at maturity

Question 9

parenchyma

Answer 9

• most common and least specialized type of plant cells
• thin, primary walls, alive at maturity
• can assume various shapes
• involved in photosynthesis, storage, structure (space-filling)

Question 10

collenchyma

Answer 10

• main function: flexible support
• usually elongated, can grow into various shapes
• alive at maturity
• lack secondary walls, but irregular thickening of primary walls
• plants produce more collenchyma in response to mechanical stressors like wind

Question 11

parenchyma and collenchyma provide support by ____ _____

Answer 11

water content (in vacuole)
-cells become turgid when full of water

Question 12

wilting

Answer 12

physical symptom of loss of water in vacuole

Question 13

sclerenchyma

Answer 13

• rigid support with secondary walls (lignin)
• dead at maturity
• more sclerenchyma associated with larger plant size
• found in regions where growth has stopped and doesn’t require flexibility

Question 14

2 types of sclerenchyma

Answer 14

fibers
- elongated cells with thick secondary lignin walls
- length provides flexibility
- clustered in groups
- in stems, tree trunks

sclereids
- vary in shape, often cubical or spherical
- astrosclereids “star” shaped, fills in air spaces
- secondary lignin walls
- in nutshells and fruit pits