Gross Facial & Oral Anatomy Flashcards
What is included in the facial skeleton?
Orbits and below
Where is the cranium?
Above orbits
What parts of the face does the maxilla form?
Forms part of orbits and half of upper row of teeth (2 maxilla bones)
What does the frontal bone form?
Part of skull cap and roof of orbits
What does the mandible articulate with?
Temporal bone
What is the fancy name for cheek bone?
Zygomatic bone/zygoma
What muscles seal your mouth?
Orbicularis oris
What muscles close your eyes?
Orbicularis oculi
What muscle allows you to screw up your forehead?
Frontalis
What muscles allow movement of the jaw?
Masticatory muscles
What masticatory muscle is on the side of the jaw?
Masseter
What masticatory muscles are on the mandible?
Lateral and medial pterygoids
What are the three parts of the trigeminal nerve and what do they supply?
Ophthalmic - orbit, forehead
Maxillary - upper teeth, palate
Mandibular - lower teeth, chin, anterior two-thirds of tongue
Which cranial nerve is the facial nerve?
VII
Where does the facial nerve come out of the skull?
Stylomastoid foramen (temporal bone)
How many branches does the facial nerve have?
5
What does the facial nerve supply?
Muscles of the face
What do the parasympathetic fibres of the facial nerve do?
Stimulate gland secretion
What branch of the facial nerve forms the taste fibres and where are the taste fibres located?
Chorda tympani
Anterior two-thirds of tongue
What is the arterial blood supply to the face?
External carotid
Lingual —> tongue
Facial —> face, curves under jaw
Maxillary —> very branched and terminates at maxilla
Why does the face heal quickly?
Lots of anastomoses so rich blood supply
What vein drains the venous system of the face?
Internal jugular
Where is the hard and soft palate?
Anterior and superior region of mouth = hard
Towards posterior = soft
What fills the mouth when closed?
Tongue
Where is the buccinator muscle?
Cheek
What is the major tongue muscle?
Genioglossus
What separates the posterior third of the tongue from the rest of it?
Vallate papillae
What nerves innervate the tongue?
Glossopharyngeal nerve (posterior third, general sensation)
Vagus nerve (posterior third, taste)
Hypoglossal nerve (muscles of tongue)
Facial nerve (taste fibres)
Mandibular nerve (anterior two-thirds)
What does the inferior alveolar nerve innervate?
Lower teeth
What innervates the upper teeth?
Maxillary nerve (trigeminal)
What are the three main salivary glands?
Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual
Where does the parotid gland saliva enter the mouth?
Buccal side by upper second molar
Where does the submandibular gland saliva enter the mouth?
Behind lower incisors
Where does the sublingual gland saliva enter the mouth?
Under the tongue
Multiple ducts to prevent clogging
What kind of saliva is produced by the parotid gland?
Watery
What kind of saliva is produced by the submandibular gland?
Watery or thick/sticky
What kind of saliva is produced by the sublingual gland?
Stickier (mucous gland)
What tissues is the nose made up of?
Mainly cartilage and some connective tissue
What divides the nose?
Nasal septum
What bone is in the upper region of the nose?
Ethmoid bone
What causes turbulation of air in the nose?
Inferior concha
Why is it good to turbulate the air in the nose?
Dust sticks to mucous membrane
Warms air due to rich blood supply
Which sinus is next to the pituitary gland?
Sphenoidal sinus
What is the oral vestibule?
Cleft between lips/cheeks and teeth/gums
What regions of the oral cavity do the teeth and gums separate?
Oral vestibule
Oral cavity proper
